128 ACriNl.E OF ALHATKOSS EXPLORATIONS McMURRICH. 



the last named vsubtaiiiilv havinji- the tentacles anan^ued in radiating 

 rows, nune than one kMitach' coiuinniiicatinji- ^vith an interincsenterial 

 space. The establishiiuMit of this peculiarity is iuiportant, as it is a 

 character which ai)proxiinates the Actiiiaria with the ^ladreporaria. 



To the Discostomina' Verrill referred the ,<i'enera DifiCoxonKt and Cori/- 

 nactis, classed by Milne-Edwards with the Actinines vnljiaires, and 

 ('apnea and Aiirvli<(iia, referrt'd by Gosse to the CaryopliylHacca. 



The classitication of Klunzinjier ('77) may now claim our attention 

 as showinii" a t'nrther stei) toward a correct dittereutiatiou of the gTou]>s. 

 The classitication is to a very larj^c extent similar to tliat of Verrill, but 

 cDutains certain important innovations. The ]Madrei)orcs are, followinji' 

 Milne Edwards, considered a separate jiioup, and the remaining- groups 

 are as follows: 



1 Or. Aliyoiiiui;!. 

 II Or. Antii)athiuiii. 



III Or. Zoantliaria — inclndiiis; tlio Zoaiitliida'. 



IV Or. Actiiiaria. 



1. Family Actinida-. 



1. Subfamily Ai-tinina'. 

 '2. f>iiblamily riu'llina'. 

 ;>. Subfamily Sa<;ar1iiia'. 

 I. Subfamily Uuiiodiua-. 



2. Family Ilyautliitla-. 

 :^. Family Ccriantliida'. 

 •i. Family Discosomida'. 



5. Family Tlialassiantbida-. 



1. Subfamily rhyllaitina'. 



2. Sul>family Thalassiauthiua^. 



The lirst noticeable feature of this chissitication is the separation of 

 tlie Anrii)atharia and Zoantliaria from the Actinaria, and the elevation 

 of their rank to that of groui)s equivalent to the Alcyonaiia. Further- 

 more, among the lesser groui)s there is the se]);iration of the Discoso- 

 mi(he from the Thalassianthidas with wliich \'errill associated them, 

 the radiate arrangement of the tentacle being the characteristic feature 

 of the family. Ivlunzinger, however, failed to associate the genus Cory- 

 tiactis with niscosoma, stating di'tinitely that its tentacles alternate 

 with each other. The other families and subfamilies are essentially the 

 same as those of \'errill, except that no mention is made (»f tli<' Miny 

 ada'. 



We come now to the mon(»grapli of the Actiniaria by Andres ('S-M, 

 which nuist ever remain a monument to the industry of its author, to 

 whom all actinologists are indebted for placing in their hands such a 

 carefully collated and complete list of the Actiuians known up to 1880. 

 rnfortunately tor our i)nrpose, .\.n<lr«'s does not express his ideas as to 

 the relationshiits which his Actinaria bear to the Alcyonaria and .\n- 

 tipatharia, but conliiu's his attention solely to the Zoantliaria mala- 



