:w; 



M(»I,I,1'SKS OK rilK (lAI-APAdOS — S'l'l'.AKNS. 



arc probably <bM'iv<'<l iVoin llic l'.:ili;iiiias, Ixil possibly iVoin (lie Spmiisli 

 Main, iiiul of Hclir oUoiiis, nnlimns J'usfiidKs. II. :<hi<(, /.'. .si(lii(l((^ I'lipa 

 iiic((n((, Ci/clostoiiKt (Iciihitnm, and ('i/lindrrlhi htcfariti, all uiKJonblcdly 

 IVoiii ( 'iiba, wliirli, lia\ in,u loiiiid a «'<>iim'iiial soil and clinialc in (Iw. 

 sonlin>rn pari ol'tli<> pt'ninsnia of I'Morida, arc now llonrisliini; IIhm'<' in 

 ^I'cal nnndx'i's. To llu^ sanu' ('ans(> may i)ossibly be dno tJui passage 

 of Sitnic of llu' sniallci' sp(>(i('s, ol' nni\«Msal dillnsion in Mic Cnilcd 

 Slab's, ((» llic island of Cuba. Anioni; llicsc ai«>. Ilrlix iniiiK.sciild, rii/xt 

 ((>nlr((<t«,:\i\i\ /'. nipicoUi, wliicli from tln'ii' ij'cncial disliii)n(ion <m (he 

 <'OMlinrnl may be supposed to iia\ c orii;ina(»'d I licrc ral licr Mian njioii 

 (iio island. 



"VVccan nol help (liinKinu, !(»»», (Iial sncli cnrrcnls ha\c had some 

 a.nHMiry in inlrodneinj: Ihli.v horhiiNis on -(Mir noithcaslcrn eoasl at 

 some IbrnuM- peiiod, alMutiiiih we are not aware oC tln'oxisteiu'c (d" one 

 t'apablc ol 'produein.n' sneli an elVee!." 



I'lciosiiirrs and ocioan ciijijioni's. 



• »««*** 



" riial this hypot hesis ol" (he ai^eney of enirents is no \ iobMd one, is 

 pi'o\('d by eommon e\p<Mi<Miee. A single Ioi>dl" lind)er, I'einovod iVom 

 the baniv of a iiv«M' by t Im> rise of its watei's dminu' a /VcsV/r/, and borne 

 by them t(» the ocean, ami dii\(Mi by winds, tides and ennonts, miiiht 

 eany \\itii it and <leposit upon other shores the i'ii'.u's of niollnsks, or 

 e\-en the li\ini;' animals lliemsel\'es, provided (hey were not too lon.i;' 

 exposed lo I he elements. II is dillienlt to estimate their powers of 

 endurance under such circumslaiices, or to limit the amount of exposure 

 which llM"y mi^hl beai', but they are umpiestionably such as lo emiblo 

 them lo sustain life forse\tMaI days, in tin' cas(» \\(» have supposed. 

 l,o,i;s and truidvS(d' trees w hich hav«' diifU'd from a yreat distance may 

 often b(> seen upon our s*'a b«'aches; ami we renuMuber, on one occasion, 

 to liav«» seiMi Nantasket beach, al th(> moulli of l>oslon harbor, stii'wn 

 with loii's which had been driven from I he riv<Ms of Main*' by east(>rly 

 w inds of several days' <'ontinuanc«'." 



i;\rU'A()lCi)lN AK'N si; A SONS. 



Dnrin.u the extraordinaiy wint«'r of 1S(I1~'(!lJ, when the interior \al 

 leys of California and the otlna' seaboard regions of the west coast 

 were turned into lak(^s I hronuli excessi\ e'rainfall in the lower al(i(udes 

 and the nu'ltinu of th(> pre\ ions snowfall in the hinher regions of the 

 mounlains, for wt'cks the rixers w<>re unable lo carry olf, within the 

 capacity of their ordinaiy channels or draiiui.uc troughs, (he emuinous 

 Mtlume of wati'r; CMMy brook b«'canu' a rixcr, and tlu> rixers wimc 

 chanj4;cd into ra^ini; t«>rrenls, undermining' Ihe banks, cuttinu n(>w 

 palhs, and swcepinu ahui^ on the way to Ihe sea, Ibrest trees ot' a 

 lentury's <»rowth, which were cairied far into (he ocean and Ixune 



