^°mT'"] PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. f)27 



Fryer did not always escrcise that scrupulous care and i)romptness in 

 labeling his specimens which alone Avould entitle them to weight as 

 evidence in doubtful cases. 



(165) Ciicnlus kelungeusis Swinli. 



A young specimen which can only have been ont of the nest but a short 

 time is exceedingly interesting, as it demonstrates how far apart G. 

 Jielungensis and 6'. canorus in reality are, in spite of the superficial re- 

 semblance of the adult birds. 



The specimen (Tokyo Univ. Mus., No. 1950), which was collected by 

 Dr. Ijima at Norikura, July 18, 1891, may be described brieflly as be- 

 ing uniformly slate above, with a faint olive gloss on back and Avings, 

 and more plumbeous on rum}) and upper tail-coverts, every feather very 

 narrowly fringed with white at tip, a few white feathers on nape; sides 

 efface, throat, fore-neck, and chest solid blackish, rest of lower surface 

 blackish, with white crossbars. 



It will be seen how different this blackish bird is from the young of 

 the Pjuropean cuckoo (and presumably from that of its Eastern repre- 

 sentative C. c. felephonits, an adult specimen of which was shot in the 

 same locality), a d ifference fully as large, if not larger, than that between 

 the young of Drijolxdes major ixwd japoiiicHii. 



The specific distinction between G. l-cJimf/ensis and canorus, therefore, 

 seems to be considerably deeper-rooted than the difference in their 

 note and the comparatively slight, though quite constant difference in 

 ground color and pattern, between the adults would indicate. 



The correctness of referring this specimen to the present species can 

 not be doubted, as there is no probability that the young of G. tele- 

 phonus is so different from its Western relative. On the other hand 

 the dimensions, which in this half-grown bird are greatly in excess of 

 those of tlie full-grown G. tamsuicus, preclude its being referred to the 

 latter species. 



(178) Eurystomus calonyx Sbarpc. 



The birds of this form arc of very great interest, as tln^ only speci- 

 men hitherto obtained in Japan proper is the specimen, often referred 

 to, which was procured at Nagasaki in May, 1879. 



As the specimens (which were collected and donated by Mr. W. Ta- 

 kachiho at Hokosan, Buzen, Kiu-Siu, May 25, 1891), were carrying 

 branches for the nest in the hole of a big tree it is safe to assume that 

 the bird is a regular summer resident in the southern portion of the 

 country as it has already been shown to be in Tsushima. 



A comparison of these two birds and four from Tsushima collected 

 by Mr. P. L. Jouy in June, 1885, with others from various localities, fully 

 bear out the distinctions made by Mr. R. B. Sharpe (P. Z. S., 1890, pp. 

 550-551). At the same time a reexamination of the Liu Kiu s])eciraens 

 previously referred to by me as E. oricntaUs proves this identification 



