628 BIRDS FKOxM TOKYO, JAPAN STEJNEGER. 



to be coiTcct, as it agrees in every particular wit li t lie riiilippiiic Islands 

 si>eeiinens. 



We have, consequently, in Ja[)anese territory two species, or forms, 

 of Enri/.stomKs — E. oncnfalis in the Liu Kius, probably travelin<i: .south 

 over Formosa to the Philii)i)ines, and PJ. caJoiiyx, the mi<;'ratin,i;' lonte of 

 which is more westerly over China to the Malayan peninsula. 



Tiiis shows how" essential it is not todisrei!,ard the small differences 

 and line distinctions, if we wish to conu' to a. full understandiiij^- of the 

 many diflicult questions for the solution of Avhich we study ornithology. 

 The naming- and distinguishing of these forms is not the ultimate ob- 

 ject of our study, but is the necessary and only means by which we can 

 arrive at the truth. % 



(169) Upupa epops Lin. 



A specimen (No. 1570) fiom Yainadagori, Province of Ise, and ob- 

 tained from Mr. (^)ta, agrees i»erfectly with Europeiin and Asiatic spec- 

 imens. 



The Hoopoe is ])robably not so rare in Japan as one might be led to 

 suppose from the statement in Seebohm's r>irds of the Japanese l^m- 

 pire, J). 15!>, that " the sole claim of the Hoopoe to be regarded as a Jap- 

 anesebird rests upon a single example in the possession of Cai)tain Blak- 

 iston [now U. S. National jNIuseum No. 0000!)], Avhich was obtained off 

 the southeast coast of Yezzo," for not only was it mentioned in Fauna 

 Japonica from a Japanese drawing, but l*rof. Maxiinowitcli, who could 

 not well have jnistaken the bird, noted it as having been seen at 

 Hakodate in ISGl (Blakiston, Ibis, 1802, p. 138; Blak. and l»ryer. Trans. 

 As. Soc. Jap., X, 1882, p. 138). The U. S. National Museum, moreover, 

 has received from Mr. Kinger a male specimen (No. 114750) which was 

 collected in Kin Siu on March 8th, 1888, and now Dr. Ijima writes me 

 that Mr. Nozawa has shot it at or near Sapporo, Yezo. We have thus 

 positive evidence of its occurrence on all three of the large islands. 

 Since the above Avas wn-itten Dr. Ijima informs me (Feb. 13, 1803) that 

 Mr. Alan Owston, of Yokohama, had just shown him a specimen said 

 to have come from Nagoya. 



(170) Yun°ipicus kizuki (Tcuiiii.). 



When tirst advocating the restriction of the name Y. srehohmi to the 

 Y'ezo bird and arguing in favor of regarding the Hondo bird as typical 

 Y. IcizuM, I had only si)ecimens at hand. The material at my disposal 

 has increased considerably since then, and after exanuniiig the 22 Jap- 

 anese specimens ucnv before me I can only reallirm what I said then 

 (Proc. IT. S. Nat. Mus., 1886, p. 122) viz, " tiiat the form which inhal)its 

 the middle Island [Hondo] is inseparable from the Nagiisaki bird and 

 that the birds south of 'IJlakiston's Line' are more ditferent from the 

 Yezobird than are Yokohama and Nagasaki specimens from each other." 



Messrs. Ilargittand Scebohm. who originally held that Y. l-izuki is 



