﻿OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST. 161 



larva, it is safe to conclude that the impregnated egg of vastatrix will also hatch the 

 same season that it is laid, and that we cannot apply to it the term " winter egg" 

 which Balbiani applies to the impregnated egg of quercus. It is not unlikely that, since 

 a few of the winged females issue as late even as the latter part of October, some few 

 also of the later produced impregnated eggs may pass the winter unhatched; if so, 

 they may be considered exceptions to the rule. In the same way, a few of the more 

 common tggs from the agamous $ may be exceptionally found on the roots in winter, 

 though as a rule only the hibernal larva is found. 



In conclusion, I would state that this year's studies of both vastatrix and Rileyi 

 confirm me in the opinion, elsewhere maintained (7th Eep. p. 91), that the term 

 ■" pupa," as applied to the sexed eggs by Lichtenstein, is quite unwarranted, and that 

 the egg-covering — thin and plastic though it is — can in no sense be likened to a cocoon, 

 and still less to a "silken cover." The fact of its shriveling up makes it none the less 

 iin egg-shell, for this shriveling process occurs in all eggs with very delicate and plas- 

 tic covering, and may, indeed, be witnessed in the gall-inhabiting form of vastatrix, 

 though no one has thought of questioning the ovarian nature of the eggs found in 

 those galls. 



My sincere thanks are due to Miss M. E. Murtfeldt, who has carefully carried on 

 •observations for me during my necessary absence. Without her patient watching and 

 persevering efforts, my endeavors must have measurably failed of results. 



Soon after the above paper was printed, I received one by Balbi- 

 ani, published October 4,* in which he announces having also discov- 

 ered the nidus which the winged females choose, and obtained the sol- 

 itary impregnated egg of vastatrix. Lichtenstein also about the same 

 time succeeded in obtaining the sexed individuals and the solitary 

 egg, at Montpellier. The same observations were thus being made 

 simultaneously by three parties, both in Europe and America. The 

 few eggs which I obtained in my tubes became discolored and per- 

 ished, perhaps from not being impregnated, and I can make little out 

 of them under the microscope. Balbiani, by the assistance of M. 

 Boiteau of Villegouge (Gironde) was able to make his observations in 

 the open vineyard. He has been more fortunate and assiduous than 

 myself in continuing them, and has, as I just learn while writing this, 

 obtained the progeny from the impregnated egg. It is evident, also, 

 that with his trained eyes and excellent instruments, he sees minute 

 details which escape the notice of others, and I lay before the reader 

 the results of his observations. 



The eggs of the winged female are not only placed on the under 

 side of the leaves amid the natural down, but also beneath the 

 loosened bark of branch and trunk, and in the recesses afforded by 

 the buds. As my friend Lichtenstein found them laid on muslin with 

 which he confined winged mothers, it would seem that they may be 

 laid almost anywhere. Nevertheless I am satisfied that the leaves 



•Comptes rendus de 1. Ac. d. Sc. , Paris, Oct. 4, 1875. 

 E R— 30. 



