NO. 1 ■241. CERTAIN FISHES OF JAPAN— JORDAN AM) SNYDER. 5 
East Indies, north in the Kiiro Shi wo to Japan. One fine adult 
female specimen presented to us by Dr. K. Kishinouye, taken at 
Boshu (Awa) with the preceding species. It is not certain that this 
species is the original paradoxus of Pallas, but it is obviously nearer 
to it than the preceding. 
(n-apcrSo^os, paradox.) 
Family 8. SYNGNATHID^. 
THE PIPE FTSHES. 
Body elongate, usually slender, covered with ])ony plates which are 
firmly connected, forming a bon}^ carapace. Head slender, the snout 
long, tube-like, bearing the short toothless jaws at the end. Gill open- 
ings reduced to a small aperture behind the upper part of the opercle. 
Tail long, prehensile or not, usually provided with, a small caudal fin. 
Male fishes with an egg pouch, usually placed on the under side of the 
tail, sometimes on the abdomen, connnonly formed of two folds of skin 
which meet on the median line. The eggs are received into this pouch 
and retained until sometime after hatching, when the pouch opens, 
permitting the young to escape. Dorsal tin single, nearly median, of 
soft rays only; pectorals small, or wanting; ventrals, none; anal fin 
minute, usuall}' present. Small fishes, found in all warm seas, some- 
times entering fresh waters. 
Si/ngnathime: 
(I. Tail not prehensile, nsually with a caudal fm; axis of head nsnally in line 
with axis of body. 
h. Plumeral bones united. 
r. Pectoral fins present; caudal present. 
d. Male witli the egg pouch under the tail, formed hj' lateral membranes 
which become connected along the middle, forming a closed ])ouch. 
e. Dorsal fin inserted over or just before the vent. 
/. Base of the dorsal fin not raised above the level of the back. 
g. Opercle not crossed l)y a horizontal ridge; form slender. 
Syngnathus. 3. 
gg. Opercle crossed by a horizontal ridge; form rather rol)ust, the 
keels high Corythroichthgs. 4. 
//'. Base of dorsal fin raised above the level of the Ijaek. 
h. Snout elongate, not serrated nor spinulose; body slender; oper- 
cle without ridge I'ozia. 5. 
hh. Snout short, rough or serrate above. 
i. Opercle without })rominent ridge; body slender, without 
fleshy flaps Trachgrh(tmphus. 
il. Opercle with a prominent ridge; body stout, with fleshy 
flaps; forehead elevated; nape crested Halimmpns. 7. 
ee. Dorsal fin placed at a considerable distance behind the vent; pec- 
toral and caudal fins very small; base of dorsal not elevated. 
Urocnmpuii. 8. 
