i 
N0.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN— JORDAN AND SNYDER. 35 
bb. Ventral rays I, 5. 
(/. Eh'otrimr. Ventral fins entirely separate; pectorals normal; eyes not 
erectile; body scaly more or less. 
e. Vomer taothless. 
/. Preopercle without spine. 
g. Scales very larjre, 25 to 30; fins high; l)o<ly short, compressed. 
Aaterropteryx. 2 
(j(j. Scales moderate or small, 40 tu 100; body not nuich compressed. 
/t. Head not depressed above; scales very small, ctenoid; dorsal 
spines filamentous; isthmus broad Valenciennea. 3 
}ih. Head dei)ressed Ijehind eyes; scales moderate, ctenoid; dorsal 
spines not elevated; isthmus very narrow OdontobuUs. 4 
ff. Preoi)ercle with a concealed, hook-likespine; scales moderate, ctenoid; 
isthmus l:)road; dorsal spines low .Eleotrk. 5 
dd. Ventral fins joined at least at Ijase. 
/. I'eriophtlialmina: Pectoral fin with a scaly umscular base; eyes 
erectile; ventral fins joined at base or to the tip; no barbels; scales 
very small, cycloid; isthmus broad; tongue short, rounded, scarcely 
free at tip. 
h. Dorsal rays about V-25; head with fine roughnesses; ventral fins 
united; upper jaw with large exserted teeth; lower teeth hori- 
zontal Bok'ophthahiim. 6 
/(//. Dorsal rays about X to XV-12; head with small scales; ventral 
fins deeply notched; teeth not horizontal and not exserted. 
Perioph(h(dmas. 7 
ff. (lohiiiuv. Pectoral fins without scaly nmscular base; ventral fins 
large, completely united and not adnate to the belly; eyes not 
erectile; dorsal spines 6 or more; body well covered with scales. 
(. Teeth all simple, none of them trifid. 
j. Chin and lower side of head without barbels. 
k. Soft dorsal and anal short, each of 9 to 12 (rarely IS or 
14 ) soft rays. 
I. Cheeks and opercles with large scales; scales on body 
large, ctenoid; dorsal spines 6 Hazem. 8 
II. Cheeks naked; opercles chiefly or entirely naked. 
m. Tongue truncate or rounded or pointed at tip; gill 
openings chiefly (■(jnfined to the sides, sejiarated l)y 
a rather broad isthmus. 
u. Scales ctenoid, rather large, mouth moderate; 
. head not nuich depressed anteriorly or between 
the eyes, chin not prominent; isthnuis broad. 
p. Pectoral with silk-like free rays above; dorsal 
spines (i Gohhi.^. 9 
pj). Pectoral without silk-like free rays above. 
q. Dorsal spine 6 Cienogohius. 10 
([([. Dorsal spines 7 to 9 Aboma. 11 
oo. Scales minute, cycloid; dorsal spines 6; head 
compressed," convex above, mouth large, 
oblicpie, l)Ut not opening widely; no silk-like 
rays on pectorals; some of the dorsal spines 
often elongate; isthmus narrow. 
CrgplocentruH. 12 
mm. Tongue emarginate at tip; mouth very large, isth- 
nms narrow, the gill openings extending forward 
below, head low, depressed, flat between the eyes. 
