348 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxiv. 
3. LIPARIS (Artedi) Scopoli. 
SEA SNAILS. 
Liparis Artedi, Genera, 1738, p. 117 (nonbinomial). 
Cyclogaster Gronow, Museum, 1763, p. 157, (nonbinomial). 
Liparis Scopoli, Introd. Hist. Nat., 1777, p. 453 (liparis). 
Liparis CuviER, Regne Anim., 1st ed. 1817 (liparis; not Liparis Ochsenheimer, 
1810, a genus of Lepidoptera). 
Cyclogaster Groxow, Cat. Fishes, Grayed., 1854, p. 40 (liparis; not of Macquart, 
1854, a genus of flies) . 
Actinochir Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, p. 193 (major). 
Careliparis G arm ax. Discoboli, 1892, p. 56 (agassizii). 
Lyoliparis 3oRT).\^ and Evermanx, Check-List Fishes, 1896, p. 451 (pulchellus). 
Bod}' rather elongate, covered with .smooth skin, which is usually 
freely movable; head short, flattened above; mouth horizontal, the 
jaws equal or the lower jaw included; teeth in several series, close set, 
always more or less tricuspid, the adult with the outer cusps often worn 
or obliterated; maxillary covered by skin of preorbital region; anterior 
nostrils present, tubular or not; posterior nostrils usually tubular, no 
barbels or tubes at tip of snout, ventral disk well developed on the 
breast, its front below or ]>ehind the middle of the head, its surface 
with 13 lobes; an anterior median lobe, and 1 corresponding to each 
of the 6 rays in each fin; each lobe with a horny papilla covering, 
which is sometimes lost; vent well behind the head, about midway 
between the sucking disk and anal fin; dorsal fin continuous, undivided, 
its spines not dift'erentiated; caudal well developed; dorsal fin free 
from caudal or joined; pectoral Inroad, procurrent at base, emarginate 
and free at tips, some of the lower rays produced; vertical fins envel- 
oped in the lax skin; vertebrae 35 to 55. Northern seas near the shores; 
the species less arctic in distribution and in general inhabiting shal- 
lower water than is the case with Carejyroctm and ParaUpari><^ a fact 
associated with the reduced number of vertebra in Lijxiris. The spe- 
cies are numerous, but in general well defined, their characters vary- 
ing with age. In most of the species color varieties occur, several 
{pulchellus^ liparis^ aleuticus^ agassizii) having the bod}" often marked 
everywhere with concentric curved stripes or rings. {Xinapog^ sleek- 
skinned.) 
3. LIPARIS AGASSIZII Putnam. 
CyclopterusliparisBhocH, Ausliind. Fische, I, 1785, p. 48, in part; Pacific specimens. 
Liparis agassizii Putxam, Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 1874, p. 339; Sakhalin, 
Channel of Tartary (Coll. Pierce and Smith). — Garmax, Discoboli, p. 62, 
1892, pis. i-iii. — Jordan and Evermaxx, Fish. North and Middle Amer., II, 
1898, p. 2121; Bristol Bay, Alaska. — .Jordan and Gilbert, Fish. Bering Sea, 
III, p. 473; Bristol Bay.— Jordax and Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1900, 
p. 369; Hakodate. 
Liparis gibhus Beax, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1881, p. 148; Unalaska, St. Paul 
Island, Indian Point, Cape C-haplin, and Plover Bay, Siberia. — Jordax and 
Gilbert, Synopsis, 1883, p. 741. 
Liparis? pulclicllus Ishikawa, I'rel. Cat., 1S97, pp. 36-37; Hakodate, Sakhalin. 
