478 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vouxxiv. 
no fringed appendage to .shoulder girdle; mouth vertical; lower jaw 
prominent, with a short, saber-like dilatation on each side at the chin; 
these with free pointed tip above; no barbel at the chin or within the 
mouth. Body covered with very small, smooth scales, which are not 
arranged in oblique series; humeral spine obsolete; spinous dorsal 
wanting; soft dorsal rather short; anal longer; ventrals far forward. 
Japan to Australia. 
[yvaOos^ jaw; cvyvog, an old name for Uranoscojnfs scaber.) 
14. GNATHAGNUS ELONGATUS (Schlegel). 
Uranoscopus elongatus Schlegel, Fauna .Japoniea, Poiss., 1846, p. 27, pi. ix, fig. 2; 
Nagasaki. 
Anema elcngatum Guxther, Cat. Fishes, II, 1860, p. 230 (after Schlegel). 
Head 3i in length; depth -if; depth of caudal peduncle 3^ in head; 
eye 4|; interorbital space 3i; snout 7; D. 13; A. 16. 
Body elongate, head broader than body, about as deep, the upper 
part flat; eyes near top of head, directed obliquely upward, the 
diameter of orbit greater than length of snout; mouth vertical; teeth 
of upper jaw in a narrow band, those of lower jaw larger, in 2 rows, 
the vomer and pharyngeals w^ith bands of villiform teeth, Pseudo- 
l)ranchia? prominent; gill-rakers not present, a few small elevations on 
first arch covered with setfe. Anterior nostril with a short, slender 
barbel; anterior part of lower jaw with a sharp, flat spine on each side, 
directed upward; a short, flat, partly concealed humeral spine. Head 
with bony plates, which are rugose or covered with low, radiating 
ridges, the plates with naked spaces between them; preopercle with 
strong ridges, opercle with small, radiating strise; interorbital depres- 
sion broad, its width somewhat less than diameter of eye. 
Body covered with minute scales, which are not deeply embedded, 
the belly and breast naked. Lateral line running along upper part of 
body, abruptly bending downward on caudal peduncle and extending 
on base of caudal fln. 
Spinous dorsal absent, the soft dorsal short; anal inserted much in 
advance of dorsal and extending farther posteriorly, the rays much 
lower than those of the latter, their length about equal to depth of 
caudal peduncle; posterior ,edge of caudal convex; pectoral broadly 
rounded posteriorly, contained about 4f times in length; ventrals 7 
in body. 
Dusky above, covered with small, round, brown spots on head and 
body, lighter below, without spots; dorsal, anal, and ventrals with a 
little dusky color, the pectorals and caudal dark, lighter on the margins. 
Coasts of Japan, very rare. A single specimen from Aomori was 
presented to us by Mr. Sotaro Saito, curator of the Aomori Museum. 
It is otherwise known from Nagasaki o\\\\. 
{EIo)igatu)<^ elongate. ) 
