N0.1263. JAPANESE TRACHINOID FISHES— JORDAN AND SNYDER. 491 
14. CICHLOPS Muller and Troschel. 
Cichlops IVIuLLER and Tkoschel, Horte Ichthyol., Ill, p. 24 {cyclopihalmns). 
Labracimis Schlegel, Ms., Bleeker, Ac. Neerl. Sci., 1875, p. 5 {cydophthalmus) . 
This genus is separated from Pseudochromis chiefly b}^ the absence 
of palatine teeth. 
{C^cJila^ a genus of South American river-tishes, from KixkVi a 
thrush, a name applied to the black Wrasse; ooip, appearance.) 
23. CICHLOPS CYCLOPHTHALMA Muller and Troschel. 
Cichlops cydophthalmus Muller and Troschel, Hor. Ichth., Ill, p. 24, pi. iv, 
fig. 1, Sunda Sea. — Gunther, Cat. Fish., II, 1860, p. 259. — Bleeker, Act. 
Soc. Neerl., 1875, p. 8; Celebes. 
Cichlops japonicus Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859, ]>. 147; Shimoda. 
D. II, 25; A. Ill, U; P. 19; V. 1, 5; scales 52. 
The Japanese specimen called Cichlops japonlca is close to Cichlops 
cyclophthalma Miiller and Troschel, described from the Sunda Sea. 
According to Gill ""it is chiefly distinguished ... by the position 
of the bases of the ventrals under the lower angles of those of the 
pectorals. The color is tawny, much darker in the centres of the 
scales on the back and on the sides above the pectorals. The posterior 
border of the orbit is margined by a black crescent. The dorsal has 
a few minute black dots. The membranous margin of the preopercle 
presents the appearance of being sustained by rays." 
A single specimen about 1 inches long was collected at Shimoda in 
Izu, by Dr. J. Morrow, of the expedition of Commodore Perr3^ It was 
not seen by us. In C. cyclop)hthahaa^ said to have the same form, the 
head is 5 in total length with caudal, the depth \\\ eye a little less than 
snout, equal to interorbital width. Bleeker regards Cichlops japonica 
as an undoubted synonym of Cichkrps cyclophthalma ., and we see no 
reason to doubt the correctness of this view. 
{kvkXo?^ round; ocf/OaX/uog, eye.) 
Family IX. OPISTHOGNATHID^. 
THE JAW-FISHES. 
Body oblong or elongate, low, moderatel}^ compressed, covered with 
small cycloid scales; lateral line present, straight, running close to the 
dor.sal fin, not extending* much behind middle of bod3\ Head large, 
naked, the anterior profile decurved, no ridges, spines, or crests above. 
Mouth terminal, horizontal, its cleft usually very wide, the maxillary 
sometimes greatly dilated; supplemental maxillary present; premax- 
illaries protractile; jaws subequal, with conical or cardiform teeth; 
vomer usually with a few teeth; palatines toothless; opercles unarmed; 
no suborbital stay. Pseudobranchia^ present. Gill rakers rather long; 
gills 1, a slit behind the fourth; gill membranes somewhat united, free 
