A REVIEW OF THE SALMONOID FISHES OF ,)APAN. 
By David Starr Jordan and John Otterbein Snyder, 
Of the Leland Stanford Junior University. 
In the present paper is g-iven a descriptive catalogue of the Salmon - 
idse, Argentinidae, and Salangida^ known to inhabit the waters of Japan. 
It is based on material obtained by the writers in 1900, series of the 
specimens being in the museum of Leland Stanford Junior University 
and in the United States National ^Museum. 
Family I. SALMONID.E. 
SALMON FAMILY. 
Bod}" oblong or elongate', covered with cycloid scales. Head naked. 
Mouth terminal, large or small, varying much in the ditie rent genera; 
maxillary forming the lateral margin of the upper jaw, provided with 
a supplemental bone; premaxillaries not protractile. Teeth various, 
sometimes wanting. Gills4, a slit behind the fourth. Pseudobranchiie 
present. Gill rakers various; gill membranes not connected, free 
from the isthmus: branchiostegals 10 to 20. No barbels. Dorsal 
usually nearh' median, not greatly elongate, its rays 9 to 15, only one 
or two of the anterior simple or rudimentary, the others branched; 
adipose lin present; caudal tin forked; anal fin moderate or rather long; 
ventrals moderate, nearly median ; pectorals placed low. Lateral line 
present. Abdomen rounded in outline. Parietals not in contact, 
separated at middle by the intervention of the supraoccipital, which 
connects with the frontals; epipleural appendages not developed. Air 
bladder large, stomach siphonal; pyloric cpeca ver}^ numerous. Ova 
large, falling into the cavity of the abdomen before exclusion. As 
now restricted, this is no longer one of the large families of fishes, but 
in beauty, activity, gameness, and qualit}' as food, and even in size 
of individuals, different members of the group stand easily with the 
first among fishes. The Salmonida? are confined to the northern 
regions, and north of about 40^ N. , everj^where abundant where suit- 
able waters occur. Some of the species, especiall}^ the larger ones, are 
Proceedings U. S. National Museum, Vol. XXIV— No. 1265. 
567 
