X0.1265. SALMONOID FISHES OF JAPAN— JORDAN AND SNYDER. 573 
form of 0. tschaufytscha, but the head proportionately longer, more 
depressed and pike-like; the preopercle more broadly convex behind, 
and the maxillary extending- considerably beyond eye; gill rakers few, 
coarse, and stout as in the Quinnat; accessory pectoral scale short, not 
half the length of tin; caudal hn broad. Dusky above; sides paler, 
little lustrous; back and sides with no defined spots, but only fine 
specklings, which are often entirely obsolete; head dusky, scarcely any 
metallic luster on head or tail; caudal dusk}', plain, or very finely 
maculate, its edge usually distinctly blackish; fins all mostly blackish, 
especially in males; breeding males generally blackish above, with sides 
brick red. often barred or mottled. Weight 8 to 12 pounds. Hok- 
kaido to Kamchatka, and south to northern California, ascending all 
streams in the autumn, and spawning at no great distance from the sea. 
At the time of its run the males of this species are much distorted and 
the fiesh has little value. It is the common large salmon of northern 
Japan swarming in its rivers in the fall. It is known to all fishermen 
FiG. 2. — Oncorhynchus keta. 
as Sake. It ranges southward to Same and Noto, and the annual value 
of the product is given b}^ Matsubara at $400,000. Salted salmon is 
valued as a New Year's present in Japanese homes. 
This description is from specimens from Puget Sound. The figure 
is taken from an old male from Hakodate, much distorted and entirely 
black. The extreme lankness of this individual is not well shown in 
the figure. Our specimens are from Ishikari River, Hokkaido, in the 
markets of Aomori and Hakodate. One of these weighing 9 pounds 
showed the folio wing characters: Scales 160; B. l-lto L6;.anal fin high, 
with concave edge, less falcate than in 0. mason/ its rays III, 14; 
(II, 15; III, 13 in other specimens); first anal ray 2 in head; head 41 
in length; depth 4. Coloration dirty silvery, blotched with darker, 
no black spots; pectorals, ventrals, and dorsals blackish, the paired 
fins darker on the inner edge, the dorsals on its anterior half. Old 
males are still darker, almost black, and extravagantly distorted. The 
flesh in this species is pale and past}', unfit for canning purposes, and 
