814 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxiv. 
identifying any typical specimens, though of some intermediates it 
may not be so easy to dispose. In such cases, however, the more yel- 
lowish throat, darker back, or the more rufescent shade of nape, upper 
tail-coverts and bend of wing will serve to determine specimens that 
should be called hoytl. 
The young of this form, as might be expected, resemble to a consid- 
eral)le extent the young of alpeatrla, but are somewhat more grayish 
above, particularly on the head and cervix, and considerably less 
tinged with yellow below. 
This race has heretofore always been included in JcHcohjeinn^ so-called 
[ = arctlcola)^ but easily admits of intelligent diagnosis if comparison 
be made with typical specimens. The entire series upon Avhich Dr. 
Bishop based his differentiation of this form' has been availal)le for 
examination in the present connection. This series consists almost 
entirely of spring specimens from Towner County, North Dakota, 
and a large proportion of these are in various degrees intermediate 
betwen hoytl and arctlcola. The type of hoytl is unfortunately one 
of these intermediate specimens and consequently does not represent 
what it seems now necessary to consider the typical bird; being, how- 
ever, in its yellow throat and brownish upper parts without doubt 
referable to the race inhabiting the great central area of British 
America, to which consequently this name nuist be applied. This 
form breeds at Great Slave Lake and about Fort Resolution, tuid two 
May birds from Depot Island, Hudson Bay, are evidently the same. 
Two young birds in first plumage, from the Arctic Coast east of Fort 
Anderson should, without much doubt, be also accredited to hoytl^ for 
they are much more ochraceous than would be expected in the youug 
of arctlcola. Then, too, a female from Franklin Bay, Northwest Ter- 
ritory, is apparently Jioytl. How far to the southward the breeding 
range of Jioytl must be extended toward that of IcucoheuKt and where 
it meets and mingles with arctlcola are questions which the material 
now available does not answer. 
In winter hoytl ranges southward into the Upper Mississippi Valley 
as far at least as Kansas, l)ut keeps chiefly west of the river, and 
apparently is not common west of the plains. Camp Floj^d, Utah, and 
Steamboat Valley, Nevada, are the westernmost records. The "large 
dark birds with white eyebrows and pale yellow chins'" mentioned b}^ 
Dr. Dwight' as being ""found in winter in the Upper Mississippi 
Valle}'' belong, of course, to the pi'esent race. An adult male from 
Long Island City, Long Island, taken March D, and another from 
Wooster, Ohio, are not typical hoytl, but are so large and have such 
very pale throats and e3'el)rows that they can not l)e called anything 
else. Although not examined, the specimen from Shelter Island, New 
1 Auk, XIII, April, 1896, p. 130. 
