NO. 1271. REVIEW OF THE HORNED LARKS— OBERHOLSER. 827 
and hurty white; an ill-delined superciliary stripe dull whito; throat 
white with slight \^ellowish tino-e; ]uo-uliim and upper breast butt', 
spotted and streaked with sepia; sides of bod^- l)utty, streaked with 
sepia; rest of under surface white with a faint ])utiy wash. 
(Hocoi'h ((Jjh'stfis pratlcola resemliles <), a. arcticola but is consid- 
erably smaller; more brownish above, the cervix, upper tail-coverts 
and b(Mid of wing more cinnamomeous; the throat pale 3^ellow\ From 
<(l2>exfi'!K^j)t'af!c()la differs in its smaller size, more orayish and pinkish 
coloration and white eyebrow. It is distinguishable from /loi/f! })y 
smaller size, more grayish and pinkish color above. 
The young of prafleola are very dark, much more so than even 
aljhxtrix or hoyti, and are also every whei'e much less tinged with 
yellowish than either. This is of course only the avnuKje condition, 
for within the great range of individual variation may ])e found speci- 
mens which ver}" closely approach lioijti^ both al)ove and l)elow, while 
the very dark, almost black upper parts of some examples exhibit 
fully as much individual divergence as do the adults. 
This race is quite uniform over its entire range, the chief variations 
being individual. Breeding specimens from Strong, Kansas, are v(mv 
dark and very brownish, both on the back and nape, and can be well 
matched by far eastern examples. Three spring birds from Sallisaw, 
Indian Territory, together with a winter specimen from Gainesville, 
Texas, and one from London, Ne))raska, incline slightl}" toward huco- 
IceiiKi in the paleness of the anterior upper parts, but they possi))ly do 
not represent the breeding birds of their respective localities. A 
female from Boggv Creek, Manitoba, shows a decided approach to 
enthyiiu'a in the paler, less buff}" shade of the light portions of the 
upper surface, as well as in the somewhat more grayish color of the 
dark areas; and another female from Carberry, Manitoba, is even more 
decidedly intermediate, although, so far as it is possible to judge from 
the single specimen, is nearer the present form. Similar remarks 
apply to an adult male from St. Vincent, northwestern Minnesota. 
Examples from pjlk River, Minnesota, are less deeph' In-own on the 
interscapular region than the majority of those from the more eastern 
States. ]>ut aside from this are not conspicuously different. An adult 
female from Towner Count}^ North Dakota, taken on May 20, 189(5, is 
undoubtcdl}^ praticola^ although taken at what surely should l)e the 
breeding season in this, the home of inthyinla. Dr. Bishop prol)ably 
advances the correct explanation in suggesting it to be a barren female, 
as its presence so far from its own breeding grounds seems hardly to be 
explained on any other hypothesis. The exact transition area l)etween 
pratleola undaljusfr/'s is not now definitely determinable, though infer- 
ential ly known to be probably somewhat circumscribed, but speci- 
mens in all degrees of intergradation occur to cause trouble in 
identification throughout at least [wrtions of the winter range of 
