NO. 1271. REVIEW OF THE HORNED LARKS— OBERHOLSER. 851 
The youno- of ((//tmojjhlla differ inarkedl}^ from the 3^oiing of (cetia 
in their paler, much more grayish upper parts; being practically 
indistinguishable from leucolsema of the same age. 
This desert race seems to be most typical in the region immediately 
southwest of Death Valley, California, whence a good series of speci- 
mens was brought back by the Death Valley expedition of 1891. The 
breeding birds in this series were identified as aren!cola\ = leucol(JBma\^ 
the winter specimens as chrysolaeina [=actt'a]^ No material indicates 
whether or not it inhabits Death Vallej^, but it apparently comes no 
farther east in the l)reeding season. Its northern limit is Owens 
Valley, California, but the southern extent of its range can not now 
be definitely determined. Birds from the Mojave Desert difl'er little, 
if any, from t^'pical specimens, l)ut the range of loninopltlla is circum- 
scribed on the west by the mountains defining the valley of the San 
Joaquin River, as is shown b}' the horned larks from Tehatchapi and 
Kernville, Avhich are referable to actla. Examples from Owens Valley 
(Keeler, etc.) seem to verge somewhat toward leacolanna. 
The eyebrow is usually, the throat nearly alwa3^s distinctly yellow, 
though lioth arc sometimes, particularly in females and summer l)irds, 
almost Avithout trace of this color. The shade of the nape is quite 
variable, being occasionally decidedly pinkish, and its trenchant defini- 
tion from the dorsal area is frequently obliterated by the backward 
extension of the cinnamon tinge of the nape. 
Forty-two specimens have been examined, from the subjoined local- 
ities: 
Calif oniia. — Argus Mountains;* Granite Springs; Coso Valley;* 
Keeler;* North base of Granite Mountains, Mohave Desert;* 
Mohave; Daggett; 2.5 miles southwest of Mohave;* Borax Flat;* 
Olanche;* Perognathus Flat, Panamint Mountains;* Ash Creek, 
Owens Lake;* Bongo Spring, San Diego County; Santa Ysabel, San 
Diego Count}^; Calico; Darwin.* 
OTOCORIS ALPESTRIS RUBEA Henshaw. 
Olocorys alpestris rubem Henshaw, Auk, I, July, 1884, p. 267. 
Otocoris alpestris rubea Dwigiit, Auk, VII, April, 1890, p. 150. — Ridgway, Man. 
N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1896, p. 349. 
Chars, suhsp. — Similar to Otocoris a. anunophUa., but darker, the 
cervix and back much more distinctly reddish. 
Measurements {15 males). — Wing, 94.5-105 (average, 99.6) mm.; 
tail, 64.5-71 (average, 67.2) mm.; exposed culmen, 10-12 (average, 11) 
mm.; tarsus, 20-23.5 (average, 21.7) mm.; middle toe, 10.5-13 (aver- 
age, 11.8) mm. 
Type locality. — Stockton, California. 
Geogi'apldcal distrihutlon. — The Saci"amento Valley, California. 
' See Fisher, North American Fauna, No. 7, 1893, pp. 66-67. 
