RE VIE W OF THE HORNED LA RKS—0BERH0L8ER. 875 
Measurements {two males). — Wing, 116-118.5 (average, llY.3) mm.; 
tail, 80-82 (average, 81) mm.; exposed culmen, 11-13 (average, 12) 
mm.; tarsus, 22.5-23 (average, 22.8) mm.; middle toe, 12.5-13.5 
(average, 13) mm. 
Type locality. ^^rzeronm, Asia Minor. 
Geographical dlstrihiitlon. — Asia Minor, the Caucasus and Persia, to 
Afghanistan and Baltistan, Central Asia. 
Description. — Adult male in hreeding plAimage. — No. 101982, 
U.S.N.M.; Bereketti, Taurus, Asia Minor, April 30, 1876; C. G. 
Danford. Upper parts drab gray, the feathers with dark brown cen- 
ters; upper tail-coverts chiefly ecru drab; occiput and cervix dull, 
deep vinaceous, this color slightly tinging the bend of the wing; 
wings fuscous, margined with the color of the back; middle pair of 
tail-feathers fuscous, edged with paler; rest of tail black, the two 
outer pairs of feathers with white external margins; crown, long 
horns, lores, cheeks, sides of throat, lower throat and jugulum black; 
forehead, superciliary stripe, chin, center of throat and remainder of 
lower surface white, the sides of the bod}" washed with buff}^ and 
obscurel}" streaked with dusky. 
Adfidt male in winter plumage. — No. 126852, U.S.N.M.; Skardu, 
Baltistan, January 28, 1892; Dr.' W. L. Abbott. Very much like the 
summer dress, but more uniform above, the vinaceous of occiput and 
cervix being entirely covered by grayish like the back; black areas 
ol>scured by grayish. 
Adult female. — " Wants the black band across the crown, the head 
and back being very distinctly streaked with blackish brown; the whole 
general appearance of the bird more dusky than in the male."^ 
The Otocoins scriba of Bonaparte" is a pure synonym of penicillata 
Gould, having been obtained at the type locality;^ and a similar fate 
apparently attends Otocoris larvata De Filippi,* from Persia. With 
regard to Otocoris alhigula Bonaparte,^ of which mention has already 
been made under Otocoris I. sihirica, and which, judging even by the 
original description, can apply only to some form oi penicillata., Dr. O. 
Finsch has, by request, very kindly furnished the following particu- 
lars: "To this species \0.penicillatd\ belongs, without doubt, Otocoris 
(dhigida Bp. Consp., p. 216 (ex Alp. Russ. As.), based on the specimen 
in our museum, which bears by Temminck's own handwriting the 
label, 'Alauda alb'igula Brandt, par le Mus. St. -Petersbourg, Alpes de 
Russien ' * * * It agrees ver}^ well with the figure cited above 
[Gray, Genera of Birds, II, pi. 92], and has, so far as I can judge from 
the description, nothing to do with Reichenow's Otocoris penicillata 
halcanica.'''' 
nSharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., XIII, 1890, p. 531. 
''Consp. Avium, I, 1850, p. 246. 
»See Severtzow, Ibis, 1883, p. 61. 
*Arch. Zool. Anat. and Phys., 11, 1863, p. 382. 
