INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF VINEYARD SOUND, ETC. 



489 



Bryozoa. 



Page. 



AlcYOuidinm Mrsutum 487 



A. bispidnm 487 



Vesicularia gracilis 389 



V. cuscuta 404 



Y. fusca 420 



Farrella familiaris 487 



Tubulipora flabellaris 405 



Ciisia ebnruea 311 



Biigula flabellata 



Membranipora pilosa . . 



M. lineata 



Escliarella variabilis. . . 



Discopora coceiuea 



Lepralia, sp 



Cellepora ramulosa 



Peclicellina Americana. 



Page. 

 311 

 406 

 406 

 312 

 333 

 420 

 312 

 405 



StrougylocentrotusDrobachi- 

 eusis 



Acaleplis. 



Obelia pyriformis 



O. geniculata 



O. flabellata 



O. diapbana 



Campauularia flexuosa . 



Page. 

 390 

 487 

 390 

 327 

 327 



Page. 



Sertnlaria pnmila 487 



S. argentea 408 



PcDuaria tiarella 



Clava leptostyla 



Hytlractiuia polyclina 



327 



328 



FoJyps. 



Metridium marginatum. 



Page. 

 329 



Sagartia leucolena. 



Page. 

 329 



TV. 2. — Species inhabiting the sandy siioees of the open coast. 



Owing to tbe force of the waves tbe sand and gravel of the exposed 

 sbores are kept in constant motion in stormy weatber, and are often dis- 

 turbed to a considerable deptb, especially in winter. Therefore the con- 

 ditions are very unfavorable for the existence of animal life. The fauna 

 of such shores is, accordingly, verj' meager, as compared with that of 

 the more sheltered sandy shores of the bays and sounds. 



It often happens that one may examine these sandy beaches for a mil© 

 or more at low- water without finding more than half a dozen species of 

 animals that actually live on them, though many may be found thrown 

 up by the waves from below low-#vater mark. 



In coves or other localities that are somewhat sheltered, the number of 

 species is greater, and most of them are identical with those found on 

 the sandy shores of the sounds. 



Toward high-water mark the Talorchestia longkornis (p. 336) and T, 



