INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF VINEYARD SOUND, ETC. 621 



brauchiiie are lemou-yellow or orange-yellow, without bauds, but usually 

 with a reddish central line; the operculum is usually yellow ; collar and 

 base of brauchiiie bright yellow ; body light yellow. 

 Found with the preceding, and often in the same cluster of tubes. 



Vermilia (?), species undetermined, (p. 41G.) 



The species thus indicated forms slender, more or less crooked, angu- 

 lar tubes, with two distinct carinations on the upper surface 5 they are 

 about half an inch long, attached firmly by one side along their whole 

 length. The branchiae form a wreath, with about six ou each side ; piunai 

 long and slender ; two or more of the brauchite bear pink, sack-like 

 appendages. The brauchite are reddish brown, auuulated with narrow 

 bands of white. 



Diameter of tubes, about 1.25™"' ; of expanded branchiae, 4'"'". The 

 specimens have been lost, and no observations were recorded concerning 

 the operculum, so that the genus is still uncertain. 



Long Island Sound, off New Haven, in 4 to 6 fathoms, on shells. 



Spirorbis burealts Daudin (?). 



Rec. des m6in. de molliisques, 1800. Serpiila splro)'his Linn6, Systema Naturae, 

 ed. xii, p. 1265. (?) Sj}irorhis spirillum Gould, luvertebrata of Mass., ed. i, p. 8 

 1841 ; A. Agassiz, Annals Lyceum Nat. History of New York, vol. viii, p. 

 318, Plate 7, fiys. '20-25 (embryology), 18GG (not of Linu6 and other European 

 writers). 



New Haven to Cape Cod, the Bay of Fundy, and northward; abun- 

 dant on FuGus, Ghondrus crlspus, and other algie, at low-water mark. 



Whether this, our most common species, be identical with the Euro- 

 pean species known by this name is still uncertain. 



The animals of the various species of Spiroyhls are still very imper- 

 fectly known, and many species have been described from the tubes 

 alone. Accurate descriptions or figures of the animals are necessary 

 before the species can be determined satisfactorily. 



This species has nine branchiae, five on one side and four on the other, 

 with the operculum. The branchiiB are large and broad with long pinnae, 

 the basal ones shorter, the distal ones increasing in length to near the 

 end, so that each branchial plume is somewhat obovate in outline ; the 

 tips are naked only for a short distance. The branchial wreath, in full 

 expansion, is about as broad as the entire shell. The operculum is oblique 

 and one-sided, and supported on a long clavate pedicel, which is trans- 

 versely wu'inkled, and expands gradually into the operculum at the end, 

 the enlargement being chiefly on one side; the outer surfeceis roughly 

 granulous aud usually covered with adhering dirt. The collar is broad, 

 and has three fascicles of set^e on each side. The branchias are pale 

 greenish white, centered with brighter green, due to the circulating fluid. 



This is the species mentioned in the early part of this report (p. 332) 

 under the najjie of S. splHllum. The tvnesjjir ilium of Linne as a trans- 

 lucent tube, and is found in deeper water, on hydroids, «S;c. 



