REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. LXIIl 



and addiug proportiouately to tlie cost of survey. This work is now 

 completed, and the map of the site proposed submitted. The prepara- 

 tion of the plans and specifications will j^roceed as rapidly as is con- 

 sistent with the careful study of all the conditions involved, and an 

 observance of the requirements necessary to insure ultimate success. 



23. — DISTRIBUTION OF FISH AND EGGS. 



The general principle of distribution of fish and eggs, referred to in 

 the report of 1881, has continued during 1882, excepting that the trans- 

 fer of fish in baggage cars of express trains, under charge of single 

 messengers, has been much reduced in extent. 



As long as the number of eggs and young fish was restricted, this 

 was the most convenient and economical mode of performing the serv- 

 ice. Now, however, with increasing supplies of shad, salmon, carp, etc., 

 it is found that car-load shipments are much more economical. 



These have been made partly on the transportation car of the Com- 

 mission and partly in exi)ress cars engaged for the purpose. As the 

 fish are always carried on passenger trains, it is, of course, understood 

 that the cars must be suitable for such service. 



An appropriation having been made by Congress for a second trans- 

 portation car, the experience gained in fitting up No. 1 was made use 

 of in the plan of No. 2. This plan was made by Mr. F. S. Eastman, 

 who also superintended the construction. A contract was made with 

 the Baltimore and Ohio Kailroad Company for the work, and the car 

 was delivered to the Commission, entirely finished, on September 13, 

 1882, the total cost amounting to $7,334.21. 



Great difficulty has been experienced from the break of gauge on the 

 Southern roads ; all the Northern roads having a gauge of 4 feet 8 J inches, 

 and the Southern system having adopted a 5-foot gauge. This made it 

 necessary to secure a pair of trucks of the broad-gauge patterns, and to 

 keep them at some point in the South, either at Wilmington, Danville, 

 or other stations, where the change of the car from the one system to 

 the other could be accomi)lished. 



24. — SPECIES OF FISH CULTIVATED AND DISTRIBUTED IN 1882. 



Within the last few years considerable changes in the names of the 

 fislies most generally treated by the Fish Commission have resulted from 

 the more extended research into the synonymy of the subject; these 

 relating more particularly to the western Salmonidw ; and, in order to 

 define with precision what the species are with which the Commission 

 has to do, I first present the list, and then propose to take up each 

 species separately and to give an account of the work bestowed upon 

 it and the general results for the year. The complete synonymy will 

 be found in an article by Dr. Bean in the appendix. 



1. The sole [Solca vulgaris), 



2. The turbot {Rhombus maximus). 



3. The cod [Oadus 7)iorrhua). 



