THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 179 



and fish-cultural exhibits: Dr. S. P. Bartlett, Frank N. Clark, H. D. 

 Dean, J. J. Stranahan, as was also Mr. J. F. Ellis, superintendent of 

 the car and messenger service, who gave personal direction to matters 

 of transportation for the aquarium and fish-hatchery. 



A large series of photographs, already in the possession of the Fish 

 Commission and the National Museum, was transferred to the exhibit, 

 and many new illustrations showing recent changes in the methods and 

 development of the fisheries were secured by detailing employees 

 for work in suitable regions. These details included S. G. Worth for 

 duty in the New England States and in the South; Messrs. C. H. 

 Townsend, A. B. Alexander, and W. A. Wilcox on the Pacific Coast; 

 Dr. H. M. Smith, C. II. Stevenson, and Ansley Hall at various field 

 stations. This work, in most cases, was performed in addition to regu- 

 lar duties. Dr. Smith also prepared the statistical charts showing the 

 extent of the fisheries of the United States. 



The exhibit of the division of inquiry respecting food-fishes was pre- 

 pared under the direction of Mr. Richard Rathbun, assistant in charge 

 of the division. In that section were to be found illustrations of the 

 marine laboratory and fish-cultural station at Woods Hole, models and 

 illustrations of the vessels of the Commission, specimens of the seines, 

 trawls, nets, dredges, and other collecting apparatus, together with 'wire 

 rope used in dredging operations and the other accessories for scraping 

 the ocean bottom. 



Tlie apparatus used in sorting and preserving collections was also 

 exhibited. There was a model of the sounding machine used in deep- 

 sea work, with examples of the various thermometers used in physical 

 observations. The results of scientific explorations of the Commission 

 appear in the form of charts and models of the areas over which the 

 vessels made their investigations. 



In the cases preserved in alcohol or in a dry state were many curious 

 inhabitants of the deep sea as well as the surface waters — the crinoids, 

 corals, crabs, sea-pens, starfish, sea-urchins, the various invertebrate 

 animals that form the food of fishes, foraminifera, sponges, worms ? and 

 mollusks. In the latter class extensive series of oysters were displayed 

 to show the rate of growth on different kinds of bottoms, the method 

 of attachment of the spat, the injuries produced by starfish, drills, and 

 other enemies of the oyster. 



The dredging apparatus included appliances for collecting in depths 

 greater than 3 miles, and was therefore of especial interest to the public. 

 This division was further enriched by a collection of about 150 flexible 

 casts of fishes painted from the fresh or living specimens in faithful 

 imitation of nature. 



In the installation of the exhibit of the scientific section, as well as 

 in its return to Washington, valuable assistance was rendered by Mr. 

 C. H. Townsend, naturalist of the Albatross. 



The preparation of the exhibit of the fish-cultural section was directly 

 in charge of Mr. W. deC. Ravenel, upon plans prepared with the assist- 



