THE WHITEFISHES OF NORTH AMERICA. 305 



into which the Tuladi discharges its waters. At the same time the great gray trout 

 (Sal mo ferox) ' follows the whitelish to tlie shore and preys upon it. While tho nets 

 are set for whitefish, the fishers, with torch and spear, attack and capture the Salmo 

 ferox, frequently of largo size; and hence this latter fish has acquired the name of 

 tuladi, from the river to which it is attracted by its favorite prey. 



The whitefish feeds largely on fresh-water shellfish; its stomach, in consequence, 

 acquires an extraordinary thickness and resembles the gizzard of a fowl, hence its 

 popular name of '' gizzard-fish." The stomach, when cleaned and boiled, is a favorite 

 morsel with the Canadian voyageurs. 



9. Argyrosomus osmeriformis (II. M. Smith). 



Smelt oe the New York Lakes. 



Coregonus osmerifonnis Hugh M. Smith, Bull. U. S. Fish Comni., xiv, 1894, pi. 1, 2, 

 Seneca Lake and Skaneateles Lake, New York. (Types, Nos. 32162 and ?>21(i.">.) 



Head, 4; depth, 5 to 6; eye, 4. 1). 9; A. 13; scales, 9-83-10. Body 

 elongate, slender, back not elevated. Head rather large, its width 

 equal to half its length. Length of top of head 2 .[ in distance from 

 occiput to dorsal; greatest depth considerably less than length of head. 

 Eye large, equal to snout. Gillrakers very long and slender, as long 

 as eye, 20 -f- 35. Dorsal fin rather high, its height equal to four-fifths 

 depth of body and lh times length of base of fin; its origin nearer 

 base of caudal than snout; its free margin nearly vertical, straight. 

 Longest anal ray, four-fifths length of base of fin. Ventral long, equal 

 to height of dorsal, its length equal to three-fourths of distance from 

 ventral origin to vent; ventral origin midway between base of caudal and 

 pupil. Adipose dorsal long and slender, of same width throughout, its 

 width one-third its length. Mouth large, lower jaw projecting; snout 

 straight; maxillary contained 3 times in length of head; its posterior 

 edge extending to liue drawn vertically through anterior margin of 

 pupil; mandible one-half length of head, its angle under pupil. Teeth 

 present on the tongue. Color above, grayish silvery; sides, bright silvery; 

 below, white; tips of dorsal and caudal, dark. Length, 10 inches. 



This fish has been recorded from Seneca and Skaneateles lakes, New 

 York, where it is known as smelt. It doubtless inhabits most of the 

 deep-water lakes of the northern part of the State. Nothing is known 

 of its habits, and its small size renders it of little value as food. 



10. Argyrosomus artedi (Le Sueur). 



Herring; Lake Herring; Cisco; Michigan Herring; Blueback IIerking; 

 Grayback Herring; Greenback Herring; Shore Herring. 



Coregonus artedi Lo Sueur, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sei. Phila., 1, 1818, 231, Lake Erie; Niagara 



River. 

 Salmo (Coregonus) harengus, Richardson, Fauna Bor.-Amer., Ill, 210, 1836, Lake Huron. 



Description. — Head, 4 to 5; depth, 4 to 4';}; eye, 4 to 5; snout, 4 to 5. 

 Dorsal 9 to 11, usually 10; anal 10 to 13, usually 11 or 12. Maxillary, 

 3 to 3f in head; mandible, 2 to 2£, usually over 2. Scales, S to 10-02 to 



'The fish referred to is the lake trout, Criativomer namayemh, 

 F. r. 94 20 



