6.-A REVIEW OF THE FOREIGN FISHERY-TRADE OF THE 

 UNITED STATES. 



By Charles H. Stevenson. 



SYNOPSIS. 



Introduction ...... i. ........ 431-434 



I. The balance of trade 435-440 



Annual trade since 1820 435-437 



Trade in each class of products . . . 437-438 



The trade with each country 438-440 



II. The import trade 441-462 



Imports from 1821 to 1853 441-442 



Imports from 1854 to 1868 442-443 



Imports from 1869 to 1894 444-450 



Character of imports from each 



country 450-453 



Import duties from 1789 to 1894 . . . 454-457 

 Reciprocity treaties of 1854 and 



1893 458 



Customs law of August 27, 1894 . . . 458-459 

 Import duties in foreign countries. 460-461 



LU. The export trade 462-474 



Exports from 1790 to 1820 462-463 



Exports from 1821 to 1894 466-468 



Character of exports to each coun- 

 try 469-474 



IV. Cod, haddock, hake, and pollock 475-484 



Page. 



V. Mackerel 486-492 



VI. Herring and sardines 492-507 



Fresh herring for ba;t and sar- 

 dines 493 



Smoked or cured herring 493-498 



Brine-salted or pickled herring.. 498-503 



Sardines 504-507 



VII. Salmon 508-515 



VIII. Oysters 515-519 



IX. Lobsters and other crustaceans . . . 520-523 



X. Marine oils 524-532 



XI. Spermaceti 533-536 



XII. Whalebone 536-538 



XIII. Fish sounds and isinglass 539-541 



XIV. Sponges 542-545 



XV. Marine shells 545-548 



XVI. Miscellaneous articles 549-551 



Ambergris and ambergris oil 549 



Coral 549 



Fish skins and seal skins 550 



Seaweeds 550 



XVII. Appendix. ....,,,... 551-571 



INTRODUCTION. 



Importance of the foreign trade. — There are few things of greater or 

 more lasting benefit to the fishermen of the United States than the 

 extension of the markets for their products. It is the demand for the 

 produce of the fisheries that places a value upon them, and the varia- 

 tion of this demand is the principal regulator of prices. In tbe case of 

 some items — certain smoked and canned fish and oils, for instance — the 

 foreign demand is of as much importance as the home market, and the 

 increase or decrease of that demand is of great consequence to fisher- 

 men and preparators of those products. In considering the methods of 

 benefiting the fishing interests of this country it is important, there- 

 fore, that due attention be paid to increasing the trade in those products 

 that are at present consumed largely in foreign countries. 



There is also the possibility of an increase in foreign trade through 

 the preparation of other fishery products in ways suited to foreign 

 markets, by means of which many resources of this country, at present 

 unrecognized or neglected, could be utilized and made to yield addi- 



431 



