582 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



In most places the shores of the lake rise gently into low mountains, 

 which are covered with forests of birch, maple, fir, pine, beech, cotton- 

 wood, and other hardwood trees. At several places on the Canadian 

 side the shores are rocky and rise abruptly. 



The outlet of Lake Memphremagog is the St. Francis Kiver, which 

 flows into that expansion of the St. Lawrence River known as Lake 

 St, Peter. 



The principal streams flowing into Lake Memphremagog are Black, 

 Barton, and Clyde rivers, all of which enter near the south end of the 

 lake. These are all clear and rather swift streams, but the water is not 

 cold. The temperature in Clyde Eiver in 2 feet of water at noon, July 

 23, was 79°. This stream was examined at various places in the last 

 4 miles of its course and was found to be quite rocky and full of snags 

 in places. 



Collections were made in the lake at the camp of Hon. L. D. Miles, 

 about 4 miles down the east shore from Newport. A small stream 

 flowing into the lake near here was much colder, and a spring near by 

 had a temperature of 48°. 



The Connecticut River forms the entire eastern boundary of Vermont. 

 It receives a number of tributaries from Vermont, but the only ones 

 from which collections have been made are Sleeper and Passumpsic 

 rivers, near St. Johnsbury. 



Sleeper River was examined July 25, through more than 2 miles of 

 its course, near the United States fish-hatchery. At that time the 

 stream was 30 to 50 feet wide and £ to 2 feet deep, with occasional holes 

 of considerable depth. The bed is mostly of rock, apparently a mica- 

 ceous schist, with a thin coating of gravel, shingle, and sandy mud. 

 The water was clear and apparently pure, but not cold. 



The Passumpsic was examined July 2G about 4 or 5 miles above St. 

 Johnsbury, near St. Johnsbury Center. This stream is larger than the 

 Sleeper, but of the same general character. It is 40 to GO feet wide 

 and, at the time of our visit, 1 to 3 feet dee\> on the riffles, and deeper 

 in the quiet reaches. The bed is of rock, gravel, or mud. A good 

 many mills along this stream throw their refuse into it; sawdust was 

 abundant in several places in the quiet portions of the stream. 



Fishes are very scarce in both of these rivers. 



The present list is only approximately complete for the State of Ver- 

 mont; further investigations will doubtless add some species which are 

 not now known from Vermont, and much remains to be learned regard- 

 ing the migrations and spawning habits of even the most common and 

 important species. 



The specimens obtained by us in 1894 were collected in the following 

 places : Missisquoi Bay at Alburg Springs and on the west shore of Hog 

 Island, July 20; Clyde River near Newport, July 23; Lake Memphre- 

 magog at Miles's clubhouse, July 24 ; Sleeper River, near St. Johnsbury, 

 July 25; Passumpsic River near St. Johnsbury Center, July 2G. 



