40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xx.v. 



point satisfactorily. Besides, James may or might ha\'e included 

 several or indeed all of the small species of Bythopora {B. arctijiora^ 

 parmila, dendrina^ striata and delicatula) under his name. For these 

 and other obvious reasons the name should have no standing. 



HELOPORA HARRISI (James) Ulrich. 

 Plate VII, fig. 8. 



Helopora harrisi James, Paleontologist, No. 7, 1883, p. 58, pi. ii, figs. 2-2h. 

 Heloporii Jtarrlsi Ulrich, Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv. Minnesota, Final Rep., Ill, 

 Pt. 1, 1893, p. 195, pi. Ill, figs, lib, llr, 12. 



The description and figures of this characteristic and abundant Rich- 

 mond species given by Mr. James are incorrect in so many details that 

 it is doubtful if the form could be recognized from his work. The 

 published knowledge of the species reallj^ dates from Ulrich's work in 

 1893, when this author gave a good description and figures which accu- 

 rately represent the form. It is unnecessary to mention the incorrect 

 details of .James's description and tigures. since a comparison with 

 Ulrich's work, which is known to be correct by comparison with his 

 types, will bring out the errors of the former. 



Occurrence. — This species is a characteristic fossil of the Wa3mes- 

 ville formation of the Richmond group, the type specimens of both 

 James and Ulrich coming from Waynesville, Ohio. Often when the 

 clay above the limestone layers bearing the species is washed, free 

 joints of the dismembered zoaria are found literally by the million. 



HEMIPHRAGMA WHITFIELDI (James). 



Plate II, figs. 15, 16; jilate IV, figs. 1-4; plate V, fig. 5. 



Cluftetes barraridi ? (Nicholson) .T.\.mes, Catal. Foss. Cincinnati Group, 1875, p. 4. 

 Montii-'nJqiora (Clmtelex) trliUfieldl i Aii^n, Paleontologist, No. 5, 1881, p. 34. 

 Motiticnlipora irhitjieldl J.\mes and J.\mes, .Jour. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist., X, 



1888, J). 178.— J. F. James, Jour. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist., XVI, 1894, p. 200. 

 Hemip}ira</in(i, irhitfieldi Nickles and Basslek, Bull. F. S. (reol. Surv., No. 173, 



1900, p. 286. 



All of the previous descriptions of this fine species fail to reveal its 

 chief characteristic, namely, the presence of semidiaphragms in the 

 peripheral region. These structures occur in the original types and 

 ma}^ be readily observed in all thin sections, both vertical and tangen- 

 tial. These incomplete partitions may also be seen on well preserved, 

 clean specimens with the aid of a hand lens. Vertical fractures when 

 moistened and examined with a glass likewise show these partitions 

 ver}^ clearly. 



The species is found generally in abundance wherever the lower and 

 middle divisions of the Eden shale are exposed in the vicinity of Cin- 

 cinnati. The zoarium of the form found in the lower division, from 

 which .James's tjpes of the species were derived, is of rounded, fre- 



