THE OSTEOLOdY OF SINOPA— MATTHEW 



2U) 



Tlie seventh cervical has a rather long spine, strong superior lamina, 

 no infciioi- liiniina, and is not perforated by the vertebrarterial canal. 

 In this in)portant feature, as well as in its general form, it agrees 

 with the Carnivora and insectivores, and differs from marsupials. 



The dorsal vertebra number thirteen. The 

 tirst ten hav(^ spines of moderate height, wider 

 than in the dog or cat, higher than in I7vv'/VY^ 

 but not so wide, Thev decrease in heigiit and 

 increase in backward in- 

 clination to the tenth. 

 Their transverse proc- 

 esses are rather large 

 and stout, considerably 

 expanded at the tips. 

 The tii'st is the most ro- 

 bust, the others of nearly 

 equal size. The eleventh 

 vertebra has no spine. 

 Its anterior part and 

 transverse processes re- 

 semble the anterior dor- 

 sals. Its posterior part 

 resembles the dorsals and 

 lumbars behind it. The twelfth and tiiirteenth are like the lumbars 

 and have short flat spines directed forward. 



The hnnbars are of large size; the centra long, except the seventh; 

 the si)ines high and l)r-oad; the transverse processes long and directed 



forward, but not curved. The zyga- 

 ])ophyses are 

 large and strong- 

 1}' convex, but 

 not re volute. 

 This type of lum- 

 bar characterizes 

 all C r e o d o n t s 

 (except that in 

 7 \itriofelh the 

 lumbar zygapo- 



PlG. 10.— SiNOPA GRANGERI, 

 .SECOND DORSAL VERTEBRA, 

 .SIDE VIEW, NAT. SIZE. (VM., 

 ANTERIOR ZYGAPOPHYSIS; 

 pza., POSTERIOR ZYGAPOPHY- 

 SIS; s., NEURAL SPINE; tr., 

 TRANSVERSE PROCESS. 



Fig. U.— Sinopa gran(jeri, 

 eighth dorsal vertebra, 

 side view, nat. size. (ua., 

 anterior zy(iapophy.sis; 



pza., POSTERIOR ZYGAPOPHY- 

 SIS; .s, NEURAL spine; tl\, 



TRANSVERSE PROCESS. 



fiza 



Fl<i. 12.— SiNOl'A GRANCJERI, SIXTH LUMBAR 

 VERTEBRA, HIDE VIEW, NAT. SIZE. ttSO, AN- 

 TERIOR ZYGAPOPHYSIS; ■pza, posterior physcs are revo- 



ZYGAPOPHYSIS; S, NEURAL SPINE; h\ TRANS- 

 VKRSE PROCESS. 



Fig. 13.— Sinopa GRAN(iERi_ 



SECOND CAUDAL VERTE- 

 BRA, SIDE VIEW, NAT. SIZE. 

 aza, ANTERIOR ZYGAPO- 

 PHYSIS; pza, POSTERIOR 

 ZY(iAPOPHYSIS; «, NEURAL 

 SPINE; /)•., TRANSVERSE 

 PROCESS. 



lute). Among 



modern Carniv- 

 ora it is i-etained to the greatest degree among the Viverridji?. 



The sacrum is coniposed of three vertebrie and is long and unusually 

 large, especially the anterior sacral; the rib massive, expanded at its 

 contact with the ilium. The posterior sacrais are not so large nor 



