﻿II] 
  General 
  Geology 
  : 
  Quaternary 
  i 
  i 
  i 
  

  

  burial 
  of 
  Indian 
  shell 
  heaps 
  and 
  mounds 
  with 
  recent 
  material 
  as 
  

   at 
  Belle 
  Isle 
  and 
  in 
  many 
  mounds 
  along 
  the 
  Mississippi 
  coast 
  ;* 
  

   (3) 
  by 
  the 
  formation 
  of 
  numerous 
  long 
  dune-shaped 
  islands 
  just 
  

   off 
  the 
  coast 
  and 
  along 
  the 
  seaward 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  coastal 
  

   marshes 
  which 
  are 
  features 
  of 
  a 
  subsiding 
  coast 
  ; 
  f 
  (4) 
  by 
  the 
  

   observations 
  of 
  Maj. 
  Quinn, 
  U. 
  S. 
  E., 
  who 
  reported 
  the 
  extra- 
  

   ordinary 
  subsidence 
  of 
  one 
  foot 
  between 
  1875 
  and 
  1894;;}: 
  (5) 
  

   from 
  the 
  almost 
  stationary 
  condition 
  of 
  the 
  mouths 
  of 
  the 
  

   Mississippi. 
  

  

  The 
  Basal 
  Gravel^ 
  

  

  Characteristics 
  and 
  development. 
  — 
  The 
  basal 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  

   Quaternary 
  which 
  were 
  formed 
  by 
  the 
  redeposition 
  of 
  some 
  of 
  

   the 
  preceding 
  gravel 
  have 
  been 
  definitely 
  recognized 
  in 
  but 
  two 
  

   localities 
  in 
  the 
  State 
  because 
  of 
  the 
  difficulty 
  in 
  separating 
  them 
  

   from 
  the 
  underlying 
  Lafayette. 
  In 
  the 
  Lake 
  Providence 
  bor- 
  

   ings 
  there 
  are 
  certain 
  beds 
  which 
  Hilgard 
  is 
  inclined 
  to 
  regard 
  

   as 
  basal 
  Port 
  Hudson. 
  || 
  McGee 
  reports 
  the 
  basal 
  gravel 
  7 
  or 
  

   8 
  miles 
  south-southeast 
  of 
  Bayou 
  Sara 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  region 
  between 
  

   Bayou 
  Sara 
  and 
  the 
  state 
  line.'''* 
  He 
  also 
  states 
  that 
  the 
  basal 
  

   gravel 
  was 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  New 
  Orleans 
  well 
  and 
  below 
  the 
  Cal- 
  

   casieu 
  prairie, 
  a 
  statement 
  which 
  seems 
  to 
  require 
  further 
  proof. 
  

   The 
  low 
  level 
  Red 
  river 
  gravels, 
  which 
  have 
  been 
  provisionally 
  

   referred 
  to 
  the 
  Lafayette, 
  may 
  belong 
  to 
  this 
  period. 
  

  

  The 
  Port 
  Hudson 
  

  

  Origin 
  of 
  Term. 
  — 
  In 
  the 
  American 
  Journal 
  of 
  Science 
  for 
  

   November, 
  1869, 
  Hilgard 
  proposed 
  the 
  name 
  Port 
  Hudson 
  for 
  a 
  

   group 
  of 
  swamp, 
  estuarine, 
  bayou 
  and 
  marine 
  clays 
  and 
  sands 
  

   covering 
  parts 
  of 
  Louisiana 
  and 
  Mississippi. 
  The 
  formation 
  

  

  * 
  Geol. 
  Surv. 
  Ala., 
  1894, 
  pp. 
  45-46. 
  

  

  f 
  Eastern 
  Sea 
  Coast 
  Marshes 
  by 
  N. 
  S. 
  Shaler, 
  6th 
  Ann. 
  Rept. 
  U. 
  S. 
  Geol. 
  

   Sur., 
  1885, 
  p. 
  360 
  ; 
  also 
  W 
  J 
  McGee, 
  Gulf 
  of 
  Mexico 
  as 
  a 
  Measure 
  of 
  Isos- 
  

   tacy, 
  Am. 
  Jour. 
  Sci., 
  vol. 
  4^. 
  p. 
  187. 
  

  

  :}; 
  Quoted 
  in 
  Annual 
  Cyclopaedia 
  for 
  1895, 
  Appleton 
  and 
  Co., 
  p. 
  427. 
  We 
  

   have 
  not 
  been 
  able 
  to 
  find 
  this 
  statement 
  in 
  the 
  Annual 
  Reports 
  of 
  the 
  

   Chief 
  of 
  Engineers 
  from 
  which 
  it 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  taken. 
  

  

  1148th 
  Cong. 
  House 
  Ex. 
  Doc, 
  vol. 
  19, 
  1884, 
  p. 
  480. 
  

  

  § 
  McGee, 
  12th 
  An. 
  Rep. 
  U. 
  S. 
  Geol. 
  Sur., 
  part 
  i, 
  p. 
  499. 
  

  

  ** 
  I2th 
  An. 
  Rep. 
  U. 
  S. 
  Geol. 
  Sur., 
  part 
  i, 
  pp. 
  430-431. 
  

  

  