﻿Ill] 
  Shreveport 
  Area 
  : 
  Water 
  Supply 
  179 
  

  

  There 
  is, 
  however, 
  a 
  very 
  widespread 
  black 
  calcareous 
  layer 
  

   through 
  the 
  bottoms, 
  which 
  contains 
  numerous 
  mussel 
  shells 
  

   {^UnionidiE) 
  . 
  

  

  It 
  may 
  be 
  after 
  the 
  partial 
  erosion 
  of 
  the 
  valley, 
  in 
  which 
  island- 
  

   like 
  outliers 
  of 
  the 
  hill 
  land 
  were 
  left 
  above 
  the 
  surrounding 
  

   bottoms, 
  that 
  a 
  period 
  of 
  marsh 
  or 
  swamp 
  conditions 
  ensued, 
  in 
  

   which 
  the 
  water 
  plants 
  formed 
  a 
  peat-like 
  deposit 
  over 
  the 
  sandy 
  

   clay. 
  A 
  slight 
  deepening 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  and 
  a 
  deposition 
  of 
  sedi- 
  

   ment 
  on 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  vegetable 
  matter 
  would 
  make 
  a 
  cozy 
  home 
  

   for 
  the 
  Unios. 
  Here 
  they 
  lived 
  and 
  died 
  in 
  great 
  numbers. 
  On 
  

   the 
  re-elevation 
  of 
  the 
  ground 
  and 
  the 
  decomposition 
  of 
  the 
  veg- 
  

   etable 
  matter 
  the 
  result 
  would 
  be 
  a 
  very 
  black 
  sandy 
  clay 
  with 
  

   Unios. 
  

  

  Water 
  Supply 
  

  

  Sources 
  of 
  ivater.- 
  — 
  Water 
  can 
  generally 
  be 
  obtained 
  in 
  the 
  front 
  

   lands 
  at 
  a 
  depth 
  of 
  from 
  35 
  to 
  85 
  feet. 
  The 
  common 
  method 
  

   employed 
  is 
  to 
  point 
  a 
  pipe 
  and 
  drive 
  until 
  water 
  is 
  reached. 
  

   Water 
  obtained 
  from 
  this 
  layer 
  is 
  generelly 
  not 
  ver3^ 
  wholesome, 
  

   containing 
  as 
  it 
  does 
  quite 
  an 
  amount 
  of 
  mineral 
  matter. 
  When 
  

   used 
  in 
  boilers 
  it 
  "scales 
  " 
  badly 
  and 
  on 
  Mr. 
  John 
  Sentell's 
  place 
  

   "eats 
  out" 
  the 
  boiler 
  tubes. 
  He 
  has 
  succeeded 
  in 
  obtaining 
  

   partial 
  relief 
  by 
  pumping 
  the 
  water 
  into 
  a 
  tank 
  and 
  exposing 
  it 
  

   to 
  the 
  atmosphere 
  for 
  from 
  36 
  to 
  48 
  hours. 
  

  

  Mr. 
  A. 
  L. 
  PuUin, 
  a 
  well 
  driller 
  at 
  Shreveport, 
  states 
  that 
  he 
  

   has 
  succeeded 
  in 
  getting 
  very 
  pure 
  water 
  from 
  a 
  soft 
  red 
  sand- 
  

   stone 
  at 
  depths 
  ranging 
  from 
  160 
  to 
  300 
  feet. 
  

  

  Ge7ieral 
  sectio7i 
  of 
  Red 
  river 
  wells 
  below 
  Shreveport. 
  — 
  Mr. 
  Pullin 
  

   has 
  kindly 
  furnished 
  the 
  following 
  general 
  section 
  : 
  

  

  General 
  Section 
  0/ 
  Red 
  River 
  Wells 
  below 
  Shreveport. 
  

  

  1. 
  Red 
  soil, 
  sandy 
  loam 
  4-10 
  ft. 
  

  

  2. 
  Red 
  clay 
  and 
  sand. 
  Waterbearing. 
  This 
  stratum 
  

  

  is 
  clayey 
  above 
  and 
  becomes 
  more 
  sandy 
  below. 
  

   The 
  lower 
  5-10 
  feet 
  is 
  a 
  quicksand. 
  This 
  layer 
  

   is 
  the 
  source 
  of 
  the 
  highly 
  mineral 
  water 
  which 
  

   is 
  obtained 
  in 
  the 
  driven 
  wells 
  45-60 
  ft. 
  

  

  3. 
  Gravel 
  and 
  sand. 
  Quite 
  firmly 
  bedded, 
  so 
  much 
  

  

  so 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  impossible 
  to 
  drive 
  a 
  well 
  into 
  it. 
  

  

  