﻿i84 
  Gbological 
  Survey 
  of 
  lyOUisiANA 
  [Sect- 
  

  

  are 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  Red 
  river 
  valley. 
  The 
  most 
  perfect 
  example 
  is 
  

   Moon 
  lake 
  or 
  Old 
  River 
  lake, 
  east 
  of 
  Oven 
  bayou, 
  on 
  the 
  line 
  

   between 
  19 
  N. 
  and 
  20 
  N. 
  A 
  river 
  in 
  an 
  alluvial 
  flood 
  plain 
  is 
  

   constantly 
  cutting 
  the 
  banks 
  on 
  the 
  outside 
  and 
  filling 
  on 
  the 
  

   inside 
  of 
  the 
  bends. 
  When 
  two 
  parts 
  of 
  a 
  great 
  bend 
  approach 
  

   near 
  each 
  other 
  the 
  intervening 
  neck 
  will 
  be 
  cut 
  through 
  in 
  a 
  

   freshet, 
  forming 
  a 
  cut-off. 
  The 
  connections 
  between 
  the 
  river 
  

   and 
  the 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  cut-off 
  will 
  gradually 
  become 
  filled 
  

   with 
  sand-bars 
  and 
  in 
  time 
  entirely 
  separated 
  from 
  the 
  riyer. 
  As 
  

   the 
  river 
  travels 
  across 
  the 
  valley 
  the 
  lake 
  thus 
  formed 
  may 
  

   be 
  left 
  several 
  miles 
  from 
  the 
  river. 
  Several 
  such 
  cut-offs 
  have 
  

   been 
  formed 
  in 
  this 
  region, 
  with 
  a 
  little 
  help 
  from 
  man, 
  in 
  the 
  last 
  

   fifty 
  years. 
  Near 
  Hurricane 
  bluffs 
  is 
  the 
  Shreve 
  cut-off 
  of 
  1837. 
  

   Benjamin's 
  cut-off 
  near 
  Willow 
  chute, 
  and 
  the 
  Hotchkiss 
  cut-ofF 
  

   above 
  Shreveport, 
  have 
  been 
  formed 
  in 
  this 
  way. 
  

  

  Lakes 
  of 
  inclosure. 
  — 
  The 
  second 
  type 
  of 
  lakes 
  is 
  quite 
  com- 
  

   mon. 
  They 
  owe 
  their 
  origin 
  to 
  the 
  formation 
  of 
  natural 
  levees 
  

   by 
  the 
  river. 
  Along 
  the 
  east 
  bank 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  this 
  is 
  well 
  

   exemplified, 
  where 
  the 
  river 
  strikes 
  the 
  hills 
  and 
  then 
  makes 
  

   three 
  great 
  loops 
  far 
  out 
  into 
  the 
  bottoms. 
  In 
  these 
  loops, 
  mini- 
  

   ature 
  bottom 
  basins 
  are 
  formed 
  ; 
  the 
  hills 
  forming 
  one 
  side 
  and 
  

   the 
  elevated 
  land 
  along 
  the 
  banks 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  the 
  others. 
  In 
  

   these 
  basins 
  water 
  collects 
  forming 
  little 
  lakes. 
  To 
  this 
  type 
  

   belong 
  Adger's 
  lake, 
  Marks' 
  lake, 
  Dutch 
  John's 
  lake 
  and 
  a 
  little 
  

   lake 
  on 
  Black 
  Lake 
  bayou 
  in 
  Sec. 
  12 
  and 
  13, 
  22 
  N., 
  15 
  W. 
  

  

  A 
  similar 
  little 
  lake 
  may 
  be 
  formed 
  entirely 
  by 
  the 
  river 
  with- 
  

   out 
  the 
  aid 
  of 
  the 
  bounding 
  hills. 
  In 
  a 
  great 
  ox-bow 
  bend 
  

   where 
  there 
  is 
  in 
  one 
  place 
  only 
  a 
  very 
  narrow 
  neck 
  of 
  land 
  

   between 
  two 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  the 
  elevated 
  land 
  which 
  forms 
  

   the 
  banks 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  w'ill 
  extend 
  entirely 
  across 
  the 
  neck, 
  

   forming 
  in 
  the 
  interior 
  of 
  the 
  bend 
  a 
  complete 
  basin. 
  Water 
  

   accumulates 
  in 
  these 
  depressions 
  forming 
  lakes. 
  On 
  plate 
  14^ 
  

   lakes 
  of 
  this 
  type 
  are 
  shown 
  in 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  the 
  bend 
  at 
  Hurri- 
  

   cane 
  bluffs 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  old 
  bend 
  at 
  the 
  Willow 
  chute 
  outlet. 
  A 
  

   similar 
  lake 
  of 
  inclosure 
  is 
  found 
  near 
  Blake 
  Lake 
  bayou 
  in 
  Sec. 
  

   14, 
  22 
  N., 
  15 
  W. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  still 
  another 
  way 
  in 
  which 
  a 
  lake 
  may 
  be 
  formed 
  by 
  

   inclosure. 
  Not 
  only 
  has 
  the 
  river 
  built 
  its 
  banks 
  up 
  higher 
  

  

  