﻿Ill] 
  Special 
  Report 
  No. 
  3: 
  Five 
  Islands 
  217 
  

  

  later 
  articles. 
  According 
  to 
  this, 
  the 
  Five 
  Islands 
  are 
  but 
  the 
  

   erosion-formed 
  outliers 
  of 
  a 
  Cretaceous 
  ridge 
  or 
  backbone 
  which 
  

   traverses 
  Louisiana 
  from 
  its 
  northwest 
  corner 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  

   Vermillion 
  bay 
  ; 
  the 
  salt 
  being 
  of 
  Cretaceous 
  rather 
  than 
  early 
  

   Quaternary 
  age. 
  He 
  thinks 
  that 
  at 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  Tertiary 
  

   time 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  the 
  axis 
  of 
  elevation 
  was 
  marked 
  merely 
  

   by 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  disconnected 
  islands.* 
  In 
  later 
  geological 
  times 
  

   the 
  five 
  outcrops 
  were 
  buried 
  under 
  deposits 
  of 
  Orange 
  Sand 
  and 
  

   Port 
  Hudson 
  material, 
  as 
  indeed 
  was 
  the 
  whole 
  Mississippi 
  

   valley, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  re-excavation 
  of 
  the 
  valley 
  by 
  the 
  Mississippi 
  

   the 
  material 
  covering 
  the 
  Cretaceous 
  nuclei 
  was 
  not 
  eroded 
  so 
  

   much 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  surrounding 
  country, 
  thus 
  forming 
  the 
  

   islands.! 
  

  

  Closely 
  following 
  Hilgard 
  came 
  I^ockett 
  of 
  the 
  Louisiana 
  State 
  

   University. 
  

  

  Lockett. 
  — 
  Col. 
  Lockett 
  visited 
  the 
  islands 
  in 
  1870. 
  He 
  con- 
  

   sidered 
  them 
  as 
  merely 
  a 
  prolongation 
  of 
  the 
  Cote 
  Gelee, 
  Car- 
  

   encro, 
  Grande 
  Coteau 
  and 
  Opelousas 
  hills 
  ; 
  the 
  whole 
  at 
  one 
  

   time 
  forming 
  a 
  great 
  natural 
  levee 
  along 
  the 
  shore 
  of 
  a 
  vast 
  

   estuary 
  occupying 
  the 
  present 
  Mississippi 
  valley. 
  During 
  a 
  

   great 
  flood 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  mighty 
  crevasses 
  were 
  made 
  in 
  this 
  levee, 
  

   thus 
  forming 
  the 
  islands. 
  J 
  

  

  Hopkins. 
  — 
  So 
  far 
  as 
  we 
  are 
  aware 
  Hopkins 
  did 
  not 
  visit 
  the 
  

   Five 
  Islands, 
  certainlj' 
  not 
  during 
  the 
  time 
  spent 
  in 
  collecting 
  

   material 
  for 
  his 
  first 
  three 
  reports. 
  His 
  idea 
  of 
  the 
  structure 
  

   and 
  relations 
  of 
  the 
  islands 
  to 
  the 
  surrounding 
  terranes 
  is 
  shown 
  

   in 
  his 
  cross-section 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  republished 
  in 
  the 
  general 
  dis- 
  

   cussion 
  of 
  the 
  Cretaceous 
  (p. 
  33). 
  

  

  Rapley. 
  — 
  In 
  1884, 
  in 
  the 
  preparation 
  of 
  an 
  article 
  on 
  the 
  

   " 
  Soils 
  and 
  Products 
  of 
  Southwestern 
  Louisiana 
  " 
  for 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  

   Department 
  of 
  Agriculture 
  Mr. 
  E. 
  E. 
  Rapley 
  visited 
  Petite 
  Anse 
  

  

  * 
  Geological 
  History 
  of 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  Mexico 
  by 
  E. 
  W. 
  Hilgard, 
  Am. 
  Jour. 
  

   Sci. 
  , 
  3d 
  Series, 
  vol. 
  2, 
  pp. 
  393, 
  871. 
  

  

  f 
  Ibid, 
  p. 
  404. 
  

  

  X 
  Second 
  Annual 
  Report 
  of 
  the 
  Topographical 
  Survey 
  of 
  Louisiana, 
  by 
  

   Samuel 
  H. 
  Lockett. 
  Louisiana 
  State 
  University, 
  Report 
  of 
  Supt. 
  for 
  1870, 
  

   pp. 
  16-26, 
  New 
  Orleans, 
  1871. 
  

  

  