SALMON HATCHING ON CLACKAMAS EIVER, OREGON, 1877. 793 



be thrown or discbarged iu imy raauner into said river or its tributaries. 

 For each aud every willful violation of this section, the party guilty of 

 such violation sball be liable to a fine of fifty dollars for each and every 

 such olfense, to be recovered before a justice of the peace of the proper 

 county. 



"Sec. 7. Any party convicted of any violation of the provisions of 

 this law shall be sentenced to pay tho fine and costs adjudged, and in 

 default of paying or securing the payment thereof, he shall be commit- 

 ted to the county jail until such fine or costs shall be paid or secured 

 until he shall have been imprisoned one day for every two dollars of 

 such fine and costs. But execution may at any time issue against the 

 property of the defendant for whatever sum may be due of such line or 

 costs. Upon payment of such fine and costs, or the balance after 

 deducting the commutation by imprisonment, or securing the same, the 

 party shall be discharged. All fines and penalties collected for viola- 

 tion of this act shall constitute a fund for the maintenance of hatching- 

 houses for the propagation of salmon, and be disbursed in accordance 

 with the provisions of an act entitled ^An act to encourage the estab- 

 lishment of hatching-houses for the propagation of salmon in the waters 

 of the Columbia River.' 



'•Sec. 8. No section, proviso, or part of this act shall be considered 

 as valid or operative until the legislature of the State of Oregon shall 

 enact a similar section, proviso, or act, in whole or in part ; and from 

 and after the passage of such a law by the State of Oregon, such parts 

 hereof as shall be so enacted shall immediately go into full force and 

 effect, and the governor of this Territory is hereby requested to trans- 

 mit an attested copy of this act to the governor of the State of Oregon, 

 requesting him to submit it to the legislature of that State.'' 



When this legislation has been supplemented by similar action on the 

 part of the Oregon legislature, which will probably be done next fall, 

 operation at the Clackamas Eiver salmon-hatching station will begin 

 on a very large scale, and a few years will see it, without doubt, the 

 largest establishment of its kind in the world, with a yearly yield of 

 young salmon entirely unprecedented. 



The extremely intricate but equally interesting subject of the natural 

 history of the Columbia Eiver salmon would find a legitimate place here, 

 but I forbear to venture upon a discussion of it until my observations 

 up to the present time have received further confirmation. I feel quite 

 free to say, however, that I am satisfied that the number of varieties of 

 the Salmo family which have been attributed to the Columbia Eiver will 

 experience considerable shrinkage when the bottom facts come to be 

 known. As a case in point, I think it now safe to state that the Salmo 

 Gairdneri and the Salmo tmncatiis, hitherto supposed to be two most un- 

 mistakably distinct species, will be found to be one and the same variety — 

 the Salmo Gairdneri being the Salmo trtincaius when prime, and vice 

 versa, the Salmo truncatus being the Salmo Gairdneri at the spawning 



