THE GRASSES OF ORKGOX AND WASHINGTON 



By a. S. HITCHCOCK. 



Ciisfodiau, Srctiou of Grasses. L'. S. Ahitioiial Miisriiiii 



In connection with the preparation of a manual of the grasses of 

 the United States, I spent al)out lO weeks in the study and collection 

 of grasses in Washington and Oregon. During nuKdi of the time I 

 was cooperating with the Forest Service, and many of the trips were 

 made in comi)any with Mr. D. C. Ingram of the Portland office, a 

 ])otanist with a wide knowledge of the flora of Oregon. 



The Olympic Mountains were visited at Solduc Hot Springs and 

 collections were made at Port Angeles and other points in western 

 Washington. In ( )regon Mr. Ingram and I, with the aid of Forest 

 Service officials, especially the rangers, visited various localities in 

 the Cascade. Deschutes, L^mpqua. and Siskiyou Forests. Much of 

 the exploration was by horseljack, using camp e(|uipiuent or stopping 

 at ranger stations. In this way I was in intimate contact with graz- 

 ing conditions and could study the grasses in their native habitat under 

 varying environiuent. We crossed the di^'ide going east over Mc- 

 Kenzie Pass. This region illustrates excellently the immense lava 

 flows that cover large areas with rough lava that does not yet sup- 

 port vegetation. Older flows are covered with forest. Passing 

 through Bend in the semi-arid region east of the Cascades we again 

 entered the forest and visited many of the beautiful lakes, such as 

 Odell, Crescent, and Davis. After several days' travel over the moun- 

 tain trails of the Umpqua Forest we went to Grant's Pass and started 

 on an exploration of the Siskiyou Forest. We used the main autobus 

 road to Crescent City, California, but made side trips to Pearsall 

 Peak, Tennessee Pass, Sanger Peak and other points. From Cres- 

 cent City we followed the coast north to Bandon, making collec- 

 tions at several points, and then crossed to Rosebiu'g. 



Trips were made to Mt. Hood and The Dalles, and, to consult 

 collections of Oregon grasses, to the hei-baria of Willamette Uni- 

 versity, Salem, the Agricultural College, Corvallis, and the State 

 Universitv, Eugene. Forest fires prevented projKised trips to Mt. 

 Adams and Mt. St. Helens, in W^ashington. 



The object of this tri]) and also of the one made by Mr. Swallen, 

 whose account follows, was to determine the amount of variation 



