SMITHSONIAN EXPLORATIONS, I928 37 



which was quite peaceful to-day liecause the mihtia had made a raid 

 and executed one of the robbers. We saw the dead robber being 

 carried home, escorted l)y his wife and others, to he buried after the 

 priest has performed the long ceremony of opening the way to hades. 

 His blood had sprinkled the roadway for at least a half mile." The 

 party crossed the river five times on July 6 ; the weather was very 

 hot, and the coolies were fagged out. One of them sufifered a sun- 

 stroke and was obliged to return to Suifu. The party reached Chien- 

 way (or Kienwei) after dark, and here the escorts were changed. On 

 the 7th, another hot day, two coolies ran away, rather than continue 

 the journey. One hundred and twenty li (about 35 miles) were 

 covered on this day, the party reaching Kiating, where they remained 

 on the 8th, to give the coolies a chance to rest. A heavy rain made 

 the roads very muddy, but they were ready to resume the trip on the 

 9th, though delayed in starting. As a result of the delay the party 

 made only 70 li, but reached Kia-Kiang. 



On the next day they had an escort of 10 men with rifles, as the 

 danger from brigands was increasing. Yachow was almost within 

 reach on the nth, but muddy roads prevented them from arriving 

 there until the morning of the 12th. Here Dr. Graham arranged for 

 the military escort, bargained for coolies to continue the trip, packed 

 up specimens to be left at Yachow, and repacked parts of his outfit. 

 The journey was continued on July 14, when the party traveled 90 li 

 to tJin-Gin-Shien, over the Gi-Ts'i-Gang Pass. At the summit of the 

 pass they saw the head of a robber, set up as a warning to others. 

 Next day only 40 li were covered, for the travel was uphill and the 

 weather very hot. Conditions improved on the i6th, when they 

 reached higher levels and crossed Da-Shiang-Lin Pass (altitude aljout 

 9400 feet). A band of robl^ers had been operating in the pass in the 

 morning, but had disappeared when the party with ten soldiers reached 

 it in the afternoon. Later, Dr. Graham learned that the bandits had 

 retreated only to let his armed part}- pass and had returned and robbed 

 others the same day. The next day was extremely hot, but the party 

 made 80 li and reached Fu-Lin, where the altitude was about 3400 

 feet. On July 18 they crossed the Tung River in ferry boats, and 

 Dr. Graham remarks in his diary that " the yamen officers delayed us 

 three whole hours in doing what could have been done in ten minutes." 

 He also notes that on the top of a pass he saw " in a basket on a pole 

 the head of a robber who had robbed and killed a postman. The 

 magistrate used this method to warn others." For the next two or 

 three days travel was much the same as that previously experienced, 



