222 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 



nient. I accompanied her on four expeditions, two into the woods, one 

 to a lake and one to the high, hurned-over land in the northern part of 

 the reservation. Tobacco was provided, which she placed in the ground 

 according to the old custom, speaking the words her mother used. 



In order that all the rec^uirements of the old custom be met, I pre- 

 sented her also with food and a gift. The plants were identified at the 

 U. S. National Herbarium, chiefly by Mr. E. C. Leonard. On com- 

 paring these with the list of plants used by the Chippewa, it was found 

 that many plants occurring on both lists were used differently in the 

 two tribes. There is no standard pharmacopoeia among the Indians, 

 each doctor using herbs according to his own dream or that of the 

 man from whom he obtained his instructions. The horn used by 

 Nata'wika in cupping the temples of those affficted with headache 

 was obtained ; also a specimen of medicine prepared by her, consist- 

 ing of mixed herbs tied in a cloth. The song which she received in 

 her dream and sang when gathering her medicine was sung for me 

 by her daughter. Nata'wika died in 1918 at the age of more than 80 

 years, and is still honored throughout the reservation as a woman 

 whose whole aim in life was to help the sick and suffering members of 

 the tribe. 



The correct spelling of IMenominee names and words was pro- 

 vided by Frank S. Gauthier, a prominent member of the tribe whose 

 father. Joseph G. Gauthier, was interpreter for the iMenominee for 

 30 years. 



After leaving the Menominee reservation I visited the Winnebago 

 south of Galesville. W'isconsin, securing valuable information per- 

 taining to the study of their music. These Indians belong to the 

 Thunder clan, and many of their songs had already been recorded. 

 The making of baskets from black ash has l^een commercialized by 

 the Winnebago, who claim that the instructions for the work were 

 received by a woman in a dream. The Thunder clan have one of the 

 largest basket-making camps in western Wisconsin, and yet hold to 

 the old beliefs and customs. 



