VIII CONTENTS. 



5. Work accomplished in 1878 — Continued. 

 The Cod— Continued. 



Experiments as to proper apparatus -■ xliii 



Persons engaged in the work xliii 



Close of work in January, 1879 xliii 



Experiments on other Oadidw xliii 



Contemplated arrangements in the future xliii 



Eeference to article by Mr. Earll xliv 



The Sole (Solea vulgaris) xliv 



Southport station xliv 



Collection of .specimens of solo and turbot xliv 



Transfer in charge of Fred Mather xliv 



Failure of the experiment, and its cause xliv 



The Sponge xliv 



Experiments of Oscar Schmidt xlv 



Concluding remarks xlv 



D.— THE RELATION OF FISH CULTURE TO THE AMERICAN FISHERIES. 



(>. Influence ok civilized man on the abundance ok animal life. 



Illustrations of former abundance of life in America xlvi 



Mammals and birds xlvi 



Fishes xlvi 



Salmon in the Connecticut xlvii 



Shad and herring in the Potomac xlvii 



Striped bass along the coast xlvii 



Marino fishes : the halibut, &c xlvii 



Especial influence of man on abundance of fishes xlviii 



Upon inshore marine fisheries of cod, &c xlviii 



Influenced by decrease of anadromous fish xlviii 



Marine fish follow the anadromous to the coast xlviii 



Also lie in wait to catch returning adults and young xlviii 



No inducements to come inshore with diminution of anadromous fish xlix 



Consequent necessity to go many miles from land to take cod, &c xlix 



Upon anadromous fishes, as shad, salmon, & c xlix 



Influence of artificial dams xlix 



Prevent ascent to spawning grounds xlix 



Time required to show marked effect xlix 



Sawdust 1 



Coal-tar and factory refuse 1 



Nets and pounds 1 



Kemedies for the decrease 1 



Legislation and protection 1 



Artificial propagation 1 



7. Political and social impoktance of increase of fish supply 1 



Kelation between fish and butchers' meat 1 



Former extent to which fish were used as food \ 



8. Mode of incke.^ising supply of fish li 



By legislation li 



By fish culture li 



Transfer and rearing of parent or young fish, and eggs laid naturally li 



Practice of Chinese li 



Artificial propagation lii 



General principles and methods lii 



Economy of artificial propagation compared with natural lii 



Great superiority in results, of tlie former lii 



More complete fertilization of eggs lii 



Protection of eggs and young fish from enemies lii 



E.stimated ratio lii 



JEistory of artificial propagation lii 



In Europe lii 



In America lii 



Trout lii 



Shad liii 



Seth Green's method liii 



^Ferguson's method liii 



