22 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



No. 450 of 1861. — Walker. — The harpoon has jointed barbs at its 

 point and a case containing the explosive charge. The opposite end is 

 formed in the shape of a hook and is i^rovided with a sjiring catch to 

 secure the link and line. Drawing, Plate III. 



Ko. 550 of 1865. — Eoy and Lilliendahl. — The spear is provided with 

 jointed barbed arms which open outwardly. Drawing, Plate II. 



Ko. 3312 of 1868.— Welch.— To the head of the shaft are secured a 

 shell, B, and barbs, C, the latter hinged upon a pin and kept closed by 

 an elastic band. The shaft is bored out and the igniting fuse is placed 

 therein. E is a wire ring to which the line is attached. In figure 4 b 

 is a metallic tube around the fuse. Drawing, Plate III. 



HOOKS. 



Ko. 1719 of 1789. — John Andrews. — The fish-hooks are first formed 

 of steel wire in the usual way and then hardened, tempered, polished, 

 and completed. 



The hooks, cold, are placed upon thin cap paper and covered with 

 yeast to prevent the fire from penetrating too quickly into the steel, in- 

 juring the beard and fine point ; they are then placed upon an iron plate 

 and put into an iron case and placed in a slow fire until red-hot, after 

 which they are removed and placed in a tub of milk-warm water for the 

 space of one minute, and finally in fine emery, where they are heated 

 until dry. The hooks are then brightened by agitating them in a barrel 

 containing a mixture of water, castile-soap, and emery, after which they 

 are again dried by being brought in contact with dry ash sawdust, and 

 put into leather bags and agitated by hand. 



In order to temper the hooks, hour-glass sand made hot and the fish- 

 hooks placed loosely therein are kept constantly agitated, by which 

 means, also, the hooks will become dark blue. The hooks are then re- 

 moved, placed in a leather bag, and agitated, and afterwards they are 

 put up in steel paper. Ko drawing. 



Ko. 2063 of 1795. — William Bell. — Casts hooks from steel or com- 

 mon fusible iron. Ko drawing. 



Ko. 11520 of 1847. — Moses Poole. — The hook is so constructed that 

 by the aid of instruments combined therewith the holding of the fish wOl 

 be more certain. 



a, the hook ; &, the retaining instrument which is attached to the stem 

 of the hook at c, there being a stop at d to prevent the hook and retain- 

 ing instrument from coming too close to each other, eis a spring which 

 has a tendency to keep the hook and instrument closer together. The 

 spring e is affixed to the stem of the hook and connected to the retaining 

 instrument by means of the short link/. In the retaining instrument a 



