WALLEM ON AMERICAN FISHERIES. 85 



and partly' on the official statistics of commerce and navigation. In the 

 $27,300,000 is natnrally not included what foreign nations capture on the 

 banks in America, nor what the fisheries of Canada yield. If one 

 should take both these factors into the calculation the amount mentioned 

 may perhaps be increased by one-half, because the French fisheries alone 

 on the Newfoundland banks have a yearly profit of $1,365,000 to 

 $1,038,000, and the Canadian fisheries yield $10,920,000 to $12,285,000 

 yearly. 



I shall not undertake to state more definitely how the sum of $27,300,000 

 arises, because it would simply be to render one series of estimates and 

 another series of data, which would not help to make the matter clearer. 

 So much of the statistics shall I, however, particularize as to mention 

 two chief divisions, namely, the profit of the salt- water fisheries at about 

 $20,475,000 and the profit of the fresh- water fisheries at about $6,825,000.* 



With regard to America's exports and imports of fisherj'-products, that 

 is a matter more easily substantiated. The following summary of the 

 official statistics for 1875 gives an instructive survey : 



IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED STATES. 



a. Fish-products free of duty : 



AU kinds of fresh fish amounting to . . $351, 8S9 



Salted herring " » . . 288, 590 



Salted mackerel " " . . 584, 283 



All other kinds of fish-products " " .. 928,344 



Total duty free $2, 153, 106 



h. Fish-products paying duty : 



Pickled herring amounting to . . 226, 494 



Pickled mackerel '' <' . . 553 



Sardines and anchovies in oil 



and otherwise " " . . 526, 179 



Other fish-products " " .. 102,283 



Total paying duty 855, 509 



3, 008, 615 



The preceding year the importation of the items here named was 

 $3,208,527; the articles free of duty amounted, however, to only $1,800,000, 

 but the duty-paying imports were greater, namely, $1,400,000. The im- 

 portation of sardines and anchovies especially was of greater importance, 

 amounting to about $1,000,000. 



* For comparison it perhaps may be instructive to state that the Norwegian marine 

 fisheries may bo estimated at $12,285,000 to $13,650,000 yearly and the French at 

 $15,015,000 to $16,380,000. 



