584 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



with the smaller canals. Three watchmen with large dogs keep off rob- 

 bers ; besides, many workmen of different kinds are employed. For 

 feeding are used two horses weekly at 25 francs apiece, together with 

 carrots and other vegetables to the amount of 5,000 francs yearly ; each 

 adult crawfish consumes one gram of tiesh or carrots daily. The marquis 

 has full confidence that the scheme will pay when it comes into full con- 

 dition and operation. 



Mr. Livingston Stone, in Charlestown, i^Torth America,* arranges from 

 his own exijerience the following propositions : 



1. Under favorable conditions the increase in weight of a trout in the 

 third year equals a fifth part of the food it consumes. 



2. For a trout of this age the daily ration of flesh or fish offal ought 

 to be about a hundredth part of its weight. 



3. At this age the weight generally doubles in the space of a year. 

 With care and abundant food one may reach the same result in 6 months. 

 April to September. 



4. All kinds of viscera (lungs, liver, &c.) are adapted for food for 

 adult trout. During the first C months the cost of the food for the young 

 is next to nothing. 



5. Even in summer, fresh trout, packed in ice and sawdust, may be 

 shipped a long distance. Thus treated they endure railroad transpor- 

 tation for a distance of 500 miles (800 kilometers). 



The price of trout in the markets in New York varies from 50 cents 

 to $2.25 (1.80 to 4.50 crowns) per pound. 



At many establishments in Auvergne in North France,! the following 

 results have been reached. Of salmon, trout, and red char have been 

 hatched out 92 to 98 per cent, of eggs imi)regnated according to Professor 

 Coste's plan. At the age of 24 to 20 months, trout and red char reach a 

 length of .25 of a meter and a weight of 200 to 300 grams ; at the age of 

 three years they reach a length of .30 of a meter and a weight of 500 to 

 700 grams. Four year olds are .40 of a meter long and weigh from 800 to 

 1,500 gams. The average loss from different causes is only 5 per cent, 

 yearly although the temjierature of the water in many places ui summer 

 now and then rises to 24o C. = 19.2 R. (75.2° F.). 



In Bayern various fish-cultural establisments have existed for many 

 years. One of these founded in Miinchen by a fish dealer, Mr. Kiiffer, 

 deserves a somewhat detailed descrij^tion, since it is distinguished as 

 much by the simplicity of its construction and the smallness of the space 

 on which it is built, as by the profitable results which have been reached. 

 It is situated in one of the suburbs of Miinchen, and is fed partly by 

 water from the river Iser, partly from a strong spring which comes up 

 on the upper side of the river in the establishment itself. Like all springs 



* Rapport sur de le progrfes <le la pisciculture Americaiue par Raveret Wattel, 1873. 



tTlie following informatiou is drawn fromTrait6 de pisciculture par M. G. BoucLon 

 Brandely, secretaire du College de France, 1876. (?) The book is tlie result of a 

 journey made for investigations of the relations with regard to fish -culture in France, 

 Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Bayern, Belgium, Holland, and England, 1874. 



