81 G REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



for setting tbem, and are generally from 12 to 15 feet deep. The Indians 

 use scoop-uets. They are about 2 feet in diameter, and are attached to 

 a long wooden handle. The Indians also spear this fish. 



The 8almo truncatus spawns in May, in the Willamette, and by June, 

 they are all gone from this river; but in the Klackamas, which is a 

 colder and purer stream, I was told they were found as late as August 

 with ripe spawn in them. They average in weight about 12 pounds, 

 though some have been taken weighing 25 pounds. In April and May, 

 at Oregon City, when tliey are spawning they become thin, bruised, and 

 very much deteriorated, as the Salmo quinnat also does at the time of 

 spawning. The Salmo truncatus is distinguished in appearance from 

 other salmon by its square tail, small head, round snout, comparatively 

 slender form, light-colored meat, and by its spawning in April. 



2. — Salmo proteus, Pallas. 



Syn. — Salmo gibber, Suckley. 



Common uame : Humpbacked Salmon. 



Indian names : Lummi Indians, Hunnun ; Nisqually Indians, Huddoh. 



The specific characters as given by Dr. Suckley, on p. 339, of vol. xii, 

 part ii, of Pacific Railroad Reports, are as follows : 



" Sp. Ch. — Male : Dorsal profile much more arched than in aS'. scouleriy 

 Rich. After entering fresh water, an adipose hump becomes strikingly 

 apparent, its greatest prominence being nearly opposite a point midway 

 ou a line drawn from the eye to the anterior margin of the base of the 

 dorsal fin; intermaxillary projection curved downward, as in 8. scou- 

 leri ; jaws long, as in latter, the lower terminated by a dilated knob (as 

 in several other species of the genus), which is armed with four or five 

 strong, sharp teeth on each side; labials, and limbs of the lower jaw, 

 closely set with very fine, sharp teeth, finer and more numerous than 

 those of the S. scouleri ; vomerine and palatine teeth much larger than 

 those of the labials; those on the vomer disposed in a single row on its 

 anterior portion; tail rather strongly lunated, and profusely dotted with 

 elongated, oval, dark spots; the other fins usually unspotted, adipose, 

 rather elongated ; scales much smaller than those of the 8. scouleri ; 

 those of the back are much smaller than those below the lateral line." 



The identity of this fish is also unquestionably established, but it is 

 neither abundant nor much valued in the Columbia River, although in 

 Paget Sound it is said to be very plentiful every other year and much 

 esteemed by the Indians. It is easily distinguished from all other 

 salmon by the very conspicuous hump in its back. 



Salmo gairdneri. Rich. 



Syn. — Common name on Lower Columbia : Blueback. 



The specific characters are given by Suckley and Cooper on p. 331, 

 vol. xii, part ii. Pacific Railroad Reports, as follows : 



8p. Ch. — [Based on data given by Richardson and on the exam- 



