820 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



the Silverside Salmon, the Hard-heads, the Humpback Salmon, the 

 Hooknosed Salmon, the Brook Trout, the larger Brook Trout, the Sal- 

 mon Trout, the Lake Trout. 



I discovered afterward that Mr. Cook was right as far as he went; but 

 as I had just arrived on the river and had not identified any of the 

 fishes at that time except the Salmo quinnat, the contradictory charac- 

 ter of my information seemed very discouraging. 



The varieties mentioned by Mr. Cook I afterward found to be as fol- 

 lows : 



The Chinook Salmon is the Salmo quinnat. 



The Blueback is the Salmo gairdneri. 



The Silverside Salmon is the Salmo sp. ? 



The Hard head is the Salmo truncatus. 



The Humpbacked Salmon is the Salmo proteus. 



The Hooknosed Salmon is the Salmo scouleri. 



The Brook Trout is the Fario stellatua. 



The large Brook Trout is the Salmo masoni. 



The Salmon Trout is the Salmo gibbsii. 



The Lake Trout is the Salmo sp. ? 



On the Willamette I was told by the fishermen that there were, be- 

 sides the varieties just mentioned, the Dog Salmon, the Klackamas 

 Chinook Salmon, the Klackamas Trout, the Fall Chinook Salmon, the 

 r.ill Silver Salmon, and, in fact, a different salmon or trout in almost 

 every dilferent river. I could not identify any of these except the first, 

 which is certainly the Salmo canis of Suckley, but it is very doubtful 

 whether the Salmo canis and also the Salmo Scouleri are not merely the 

 iiltered forms of some of the varieties of fish already mentioned after 

 undergoing the very great changes which come on as the eggs and milt 

 become ripe for the spawning-season. Indeed I feel very sure that the 

 Salmo canis is a form of one of the other varieties which it takes at the 

 approach of the spawning-period. 



D— METHODS OF FISHING. 



The various methods of fishing for the Salmonidce on the Columbia 

 may be found mentioned in the answers given above to Professor Baird's 

 questions on the Salmo quinnat, but I will also offer here a recapitula- 

 tion of the different methods of capturing the fish. They are — 



1. By drifting with drift-nets, as at all the canneries of the Columbia. 



2. By hauling a seine, as at Chinook and various points on the 

 Columbia. 



3. By set (gill) nets, as at Oregon City, on the Willamette. 



4. By scoop-nets, as at the Dalles and the Falls of the Willamette. 



5. By dip-nets, as at the Dalles. 



G. By hook and line, as at the mouth and also at the headwaters of 

 the Columbia, for salmon, and in all the smaller streams for trout. 



