STANLEY'S JOURNEY THROUGH AFRICA 349 



return for £1,000 and rations for his escort, was to bring to Stanley's 

 aid his own personal efforts and influence, assisted by a considerable 

 force of men — about one hundred and fifty of whom were armed with 

 rifles. 



On the 5th of November, 1876, the Anglo-American Expedition 

 left Nyangwe — the outpost, as it were, of the Arab traders of the 

 lake districts — and proceeded on its arduous journey down the Lua- 

 laba. As the name soon disappeared, and the river was rebaptized 

 every few miles by the natives, Stanley gave it the name of Living- 

 stone — after him who had given his life for a knowledge of it — and 

 by this name it will hereinafter be mentioned. 



For the first ten days the march along the bank led through a 

 dense forest growth; so dense that often the travelers could not say 

 if the sun were shining or the sky overcast. Dew fell from the leafage 

 overhead in drops of rain; the narrow track became a ditch of wet 

 mud ; the air reeked with the poisonous fumes of fungi and the deadly 

 breath of miasma. At times progress became so diflicult that a whole 

 day's march advanced them but six miles. The men were rapidly 

 succumbing to weariness and sickness, and the Arabs in Tippu Tib's 

 train clamored loudly for retreat. Even Tippu Tib himself came to 

 Stanley and declared his unwillingness to proceed ; although by doing 

 so he forfeited his claim to the £1,000. Stanley was desperate. If he 

 attempted to march without the great Arab, he knew that his expedi- 

 tion would be no more; that the Wangwana would desert to a man. 

 By dint of argument, however, and the sum of £500, he induced Tippu 

 to accompany him twenty marches further, at the end of which Stanley 

 hoped he would be able to obtain canoes for the whole of his expedi- 

 tion and take to the river for the rest of the journey. 



At Ukassa, rapids were encountered for the first time, and as the 

 river suddenly narrowed at this point, dangerous eddies and whirls 

 made progress slow and cautious. All this while the main body was 

 marching with Tippu Tib and his follow^ers, along the left bank, and 

 Stanley, with some thirty companions, navigated' the river in the boat. 



On reaching Ikondu, one of the much-talked-of dwarfs was 

 caught and brought into camp. A little over four feet in height, 

 diminutive in proportions, and altogether puny in appearance, he did 



