} 
PACIFIC COAST FISHERIES. 249 
Searcely any attention is given to the refuse at the salmon canneries: 
- On the Columbia River this waste yearly averages over 7,000,000 
pounds, or 3,500 tons, nearly all of which is emptied into the river. 
The only efforts to save and utilize this valuable waste product are at 
Astoria, and there but asmall part of the refuse is collected, as will be 
seen by the following statement of the oil and fertilizer prepared from 
salmon waste at a small factory: 
Oil. Scrap. 
Years. 
e 7 | 
, Gallons. | Value.| Tons. | Value. 
! 
| 
15, 000 | $3,600" |naeeoses | ee 
12,000 | 2, 880 25) $500 
26,000 | 6, 240 35 700 
30, 000 6, 750 40 800 
Summary of the salmon industry.—From 1866, the year in which sal- 
mon canning began on the Columbia River, to 1893, inclusive, the gross 
weight of the salmon utilized for canning was over 658,000,000 pounds, 
and the value of the pack was over $59,000,000. The annual results 
of this industry are shown in the following table: 
Summary of salmon-canning industry of the Columbia River from 1866 to 1893. 
Aver- | | Aver 
ee No. of age | aS | No. of | age 
Year. BAlenon Nin Ra bee Valse pimgalue:|).. Year. Sulned util. cases. | Value: value 
i thea packed. | per | ~ Gged. | Packed. | | per 
case | case. 
= = | 
| 
Pounds. Pounds. 
1866 .... 260, 000 4, 000 $64, 000 $16.00 || 1881 ....) 35, 750, 000 550, 000 $2,475,000 | $4.50 
1867 .-..| 1,170, 000 18, 000 288,000 | 16.00 || 1882 ....| 35, 184, 500 541, 300 | 2,600,000 | 4.80 
1868 ....| 1,820, 000 28, 000 392, 000 | 14.00 || 1883 ....| 40, 911, 000 629, 400 | 3,147,000 | 5.00 
1869 ....| 6,500, 000 100, 000 | 1,350, 000°; 13.50 || 1884 ....| 40, 300, 000 620, 000 | 2,915,000 | 4.70 
1870 ....} 9,750, 000 150, 000 | 1,800,000 | 12.00 || 1885 ....| 35,997, 000 553, 800 | 2,500,000 | 4.51 
1871 ....| 13, 000, 000 200, 000 ; 2,100,000 | 10.50 || 1886....| 29, 152, 000 448,500 | 2,135,000 | 4.76 
1872 ....] 16, 250, 000 250, 000 | 2,325,000 | 9.30 || 1887 ....| 23, 140, 000 356, 000 | 2,124,000 | 5.97 
1873 ....| 16, 250, 000 250,000 | 2,250,000 | 9.00 || 1888 ....| 24, 211, 005 372,477 | 2,327,981 | 6.25 
1874 ....| 22, 750, 000 350, 000 | 2,625,000 | 7.50 || 1889 ....) 20, 685, 495 309, 885 | 1,809,820) 5.84 
1875 ....| 24,375, 000 375, 000 | 2,250,000 | 6.00 || 1890 ....| 28, 781, 385 435, 774 | 2,407,456 | 5.52 
1876 ....| 29, 250, 000 450, 000 2,475,000 | 5.50 || 1891 ....| 26, 450, 635 398, 953 | 2,240,964 | 5.62 
1877 .-..| 24, 700, 000 380, 000 | 2,052,000 | 5.40 || 1892 .-..) 32, 185, 995 487,338 | 2,679,069 | 5.50 
1878 ..-.| 29, 900, 000 460,000 2,200,000 |} 5.00 || 1893 ....) 24,050, 000 370, 000 | 2,107,500 | 5.70 
1879 ....| 31,200,000 | 480 000 | 2,640,000 | 5.50 ————— — 
1880 ..-.} 34, 450, 000 530,000 , 2,650,000 | 5.00 || Total../658, 424,515 10, 098, 427 [Po 029,790 | 5.85 
| | { 
In addition to the salmon used for canning, very large quantities 
have been salted, consumed fresh locally, or shipped fresh to other 
parts of the country. The fish thus utilized have aggregated about 
192,000,000 pounds, giving 850,000,000 pounds as the total salmon out- 
put of the Columbia River since 1866, the value of which, as sold fresh, 
canned, or salted, was $66,000,000. As a matter of interest, it may be 
Stated that if the total salmon catch of the Columbia River could be 
loaded into railroad cars, 42,500 ordinary freight cars would be required 
to contain the fish, which would make a solid train over 280 miles long. 
Exportations of canned salmon from Astoria.—Queries are often made 
as to where the enormous quantities of salmon prepared in the lower 
Columbia River and elsewhere on the Pacific Coast are sold. In the 
early days of the canning meets ak aud for several years after, nearly 
