408 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 
41. Sebastodes elongatus (Ayres). 
A single specimen dredged off the coast of California, north of Point Reyes 
(station 3350), at a depth of 75 fathoms. 
42. Sebastodes zacentrus (Gilbert). 
Several specimens were taken north of Point Reyes, on the coast of California, at 
depths of 75 and 51 fathoms (stations 3350 and 3351). The second anal spine is always 
very large, but frequently fails to reach tips of soft anal rays when depressed, thus 
differing from the type specimens. The depthis also greater, 3 instead of 34 in length. 
43. Sebastodes alutus (Gilbert). (Plate 22.) 
This species was described from a single immature specimen, dredged by the Alba- 
tross south of Santa Cruz Island, Southern California. No additional material was 
obtained during the extensive dredging operations of the dlbatross on the California 
coast. The species is, however, very abundant in the North Pacific, both north and 
south of the Aleutian Islands. It was taken at the following dredging stations, 
located north of Unalaska Island, in the vicinity of Unimak Pass, in Bristol Bay, 
and south of the Alaskan Peninsula, in depths of 38 to 350 fathoms: 3213, 3214, 3222, 
3226, 3262, 3311, 3317, 3319, 3321, 3322, 3324, 3331, 3339, and 3341. A single individual 
was also taken with hook and line in Unalaska Harbor. At one of the above 
stations, 48 specimens were taken with the beam trawl. This additional material 
shows that S. alutus is one of the bright-red rockfish, most closely allied perhaps to 
S. miniatus. From the latter it differs conspicuously in the greatly produced man- 
dibular symphysis, with the very pronounced symphyseal knob, as well as in other 
respects. It is allied also to S. proriger, but differs, among other points, in having 
both postocular and tympanic spines developed. From S. brevispinis Bean it differs 
in its larger eye, larger scales, black peritoneum, and scaly fins. 
Following is a detailed description of adult specimens 12 to 18 inches long. In 
the type, the head is said to be contained 33 times in the length. This is doubtless 
a misprint for 23. 
Diagnosis: Scales large, in about 60 oblique series above the lateral line. Soft fins 
wholly enveloped in fine scales. Cranial ridges all low, the spines slender; coro- 
nal and nuchal spines alone absent. Mandible projecting much beyond the upper 
profile of head, the symphyseal knob very strongly developed in adult specimens; 
not noticeably so in young. Gill-rakers long and numerous, half as long as eye. 
Second and third anal spines about equal. General color red, the peritoneum black 
or dusky, the mouth and gill-cavities dusky. 
Description: Head 23 to 2? in length; depth, 3 to 34. Dorsal, a anal, 111-8; 
pectoral,17. Mouth large, maxillary reaching back of pupil, 24 to 24 in head. Pre- 
maxillaries notched, the symphyseal patch of teeth, however, eee outside them. 
Teeth on jaws, vomer, and palatines in very narrow bands except at symphysis and 
on vomer. A conspicuous depression on each side of symphysis to receive the ante- 
rior premaxillary patch. Eye very large, the diameter exceeding snout, 34 in head. 
Interorbital space very wide, flat or slightly convex, conspicuously grooved, its width 
1% eye. Cranial ridges all very low, inconspicuous, with small spines ornone. Nasal 
and preocular spines evident, supraocular, postocular, and tympanic spines present 
but hidden by scales; more conspicuous in the very young. Parietal ridges evident, 
ending in low spines. Preorbital narrow, its least width one-seventh eye, its ante- 
rior edge with two long mucous slits, and in some cases a single backwardly-directed 
spine. Opercular and humeral spines well developed. Preopercular spines flat, not 
very large, the upper two approximated, the lower two broadly triangular, tipped 
with short spines, which are directed downward and backward. 
Dorsal spines curved, the longest 24 to 2? in head; the twelfth about two-thirds the 
longest. Soft dorsal about as high as the longest spines. Anal spines strong, the 
second slightly shorter than third, which equals or slightly exceeds diameter of eye. 
In young specimens, the second anal spine is longer and constantly equals or exceeds 
