-Flush plants. 



1912-13.] BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH 133 



Rubus idaeus, Linn. — Especially with birch and rowan. 



Anthoxanthum odoratum, Linn. — Strongly social, large 

 patches under trees. 



Deschampsia caespitosa, Beauv., and Juncus, spp. — 

 Flush plants, occupying wet parts. 



Regarding the species classed as remnants of woodland, a 

 great deal must perforce be speculative, as certain species of 

 plants are known to occur in pine woods, and yet in other 

 localities may be typical invaders. The following list by 

 Robert Smith (1), known to consist of species " mostly of 

 the invading class," will serve to illustrate this : — 



*Ranunculus repent. Linn. 



*8p i ra ea Ulm a r '<• i . Linn. 

 Juncus conglomeratus, Linn. 

 Phalaris arundinacea, Linn. 



*f Rubus idaeus, Linn.: ± R. fruticosus, Linn.: Fragaria 

 vesca, Linn. ; Urtica dioica,JAnn.; *fAnthoxa,7ithv/m odor- 

 atum, Linn.; \Agrostis vulgaris. With.; *f Deschampsia 

 caespitosa, Beauv.; \Holcus mollis, Linn.; * ± H. lanatus, 

 Linn.: *fLastrea Filix-mas, Presl; x Poly iridium commune. 

 Linn. ; PeUia epiphylla, Linn. 



Those species known to occur both in pine woods and 

 as invaders are marked ± ; those found in the present 

 habitat * : while invaders absent from the vegetation under 

 discussion are unmarked. 



2. Newer Associations. — After the felling of the trees 

 the present habitat would, except for the original under- 

 growth, be denuded, and one would therefore expect that 

 the first phase of colonisation would be effected by those 

 plants possessing exceptional modes of dissemination. 



It will be seen from the following list of species actually 

 found, that the majority possess in a high degree facilities 

 for distribution by the wind : — 



]. Wind Distributed. (1) Winged, margined, or awned 

 fruits and seeds. — Acer Pseudo-platanus, Linn.; Rumex 

 Acetosa, Linn.: Betu.la tomentosa, Reith et Abel; Alnus 

 glutinosa, Gaertn. : Anthoxanthum odoratum, Linn.; 

 Agrostis alba, Linn.; Holcus lanatus, Linn., et Mollis, Linn ; 

 Poa pratensis, Linn. 



(2) Parachute fruits and seeds. — Epilobium angusti- 

 folium, Linn.; Gnaphalium uliginosum, Linn.; Senecio 



TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XXVI. 10 



