Dr James Stirton on Lichens. 



355 



Atriplex cincea, Poiret. 

 Atriplex BUlordieri. 

 Salicornia indica, Willd. 

 MuhlenhecTcia adpressa, Lab. 

 Muhlenheckia complexa, Meisn. 

 Phormium tenax, Forst. 

 Phormium Colensoi, Hook. fil. 

 Juncus maritimus, Lairu 



Cyperus ustulattis, A, Eich. 

 Scuyus maritimiu^, Linn. 

 Carex virgata, Sol. 

 Zoysia pungens, AVilld, 

 Dichelachne stipoides, Hook. fil. 

 Agrostis pilosa, A. Eicli. 

 Glijceria strida. 

 Festuca acoparia. 



[This enumeration may be useful to those engaged in the reclamation of 

 Sand Dunes in various countries. — Ed.] 



On Lichens (1) from Newfoundland^ collected hy Mr 

 A. Grmj, ivith a List of the Species ; {2) from New 

 Zealand ; (3) from the South of Scotland. By James 

 Stirton, M.D., F.L.S., &c. 



(Read 9th March 1SS2.) 



The following lichens, which I have the pleasure of 

 laying before the Society, were collected at Brigus, New- 

 foundland, during a two months' trip in the summer of 

 1878, by Mr Archibald Gray, Edinburgh. Mr Gray 

 informs me that the lichens wliich he saw in that country 

 were splendidly developed — the natural features of the 

 country being well adapted for their growth. Some 

 specimens (JJmhilicaria^ were gathered on bare rocks on 

 the higher grounds near Brigus, at an altitude of about 

 250 feet ; Nephroma arcticum. tolerably common in New- 

 foundland, was got about 100 feet above the sea near the 

 cliffs at South Head of Brigus ; some — as the Cladonicc — 

 in the rocky woods, to a distance of ten miles inland ; 

 others (Usnea, &c.) on the trunks of fir trees, and {^Lecidea) 

 on rocks by the sea. None were gathered at a greater 

 elevation than 400 feet. Mr Gray has also mentioned 

 that icebergs are frequently stranded by the Polar current 

 during winter, along the rough rocky coast of Conception 

 Bay, near where the specimens were collected. The rem- 

 nant of an iceberg was seen by him aground in the bay 

 as far on in the season as the end of June, while crossing 

 from Portugal Cove to Brigus. Thus the presence of Arctic 

 forms near the sea-level so far south may be accounted for. 



1. This small collection of lichens, gathered within two 



