294 PROCEEDINGS OF SECTION C. 



The capping conglomerate bed which is now only found fringing, 

 or adjacent to the Bowning Hill, possess some features of special 

 interest. In some parts it has a very homogeneous aspect, and 

 can with difficulty be separated from the metamorphic and 

 porphyritic rocks of the locality. The cause that produced this 

 partial metamorphism has not become evident to me. 



Even where it is highly altered the shale on which it rests does 

 not appear to have sutFered any physical change. On first 

 acquaintance with this conglomerate, I was of the opinion that 

 Bowning Hill at the period of its formation, had been an isolated 

 island in the then existing sea. AVith further examination I 

 doubt the correctness of that view, though tliere can be little 

 doubt that it marks the neighbourhood of a sea shore. 



Life. — Beneath the limestone on the east of the syncline the 

 grits contain prints of Brachiopods, but it is not till the limestone 

 bed is reached that fossils become conspicuous. The lower of the 

 two beds mark a sudden invasion of many organisms, the corals 

 being foremost. 



The commonest genex"a are : — Corals, Favosites, Cyathophyllui/i, 

 and Heliolites ; Brachiopoda, Pentamerus ohlongus, and F. yalea- 

 tt's, Atrypa reticularis a,nd A . marghiaHs, LepUfna., Utrophomena^ 

 and Rhynchonella. Lamellibranchiata are very few. Gasteropoda, 

 Mitrchisonia, Loxonema, Fleurotomaria, Fxottiphalus, Fellerophon 

 convolutus. Cephalopods, Orthoceras, one species being like 0. 

 anmdatum. The small Mollusca and Molluscoida occur in the 

 thin shale beds intercalating the limestone, while the large ones 

 are chiefly associated with the corals. 



In the upper limestone bed the general facies of the fauna 

 remains about the same, but some large Gasteropods in addition 

 make their appearance. Of these Enomjyhalus Clarkei, is the 

 most plentiful, and is also typical of this zone. 



Near the close of this bed I have obtained the lowest trilobite 

 remains, represented by portions of a Cheirvriis and Cromus, 

 found in the shales that towards the end, as they had done in the 

 earlier part, began to interrupt the growth of the limestone for 

 short intervals, before they finally superseded it. 



In the Lower Tribolite bed the corals rapidly wane, and by the 

 time the tribolites have reached their maximum, only a few 

 Cyatliophyllnm remain. Crinoids are represented by numerous 

 stems and cups of small size, Cystideans by plates, Cirripedes by 

 Tnrrihjyasoi a large size. Brachiopods by Othis hiloha, Atrypa 

 marginaiis, Rhynchonella, Spirifera crisj)a, Discina, Lejitcena, 

 Lingu/a, and Fentamerus. Gasteropoda are represented by Fleuro- 

 toniaria, and Euompjltalus, but both rare. Cephalopods by Ortho- 

 ceras. Trilobites by Encriiiurus, Cromus, Calymene, Proetns, 

 Bronteus Fartschi, and B. longispinifex, Addaspis Verneuili, 

 Staurocephahis near S. Murchisoni, Sphcfrexochus miriis, 

 Cyphaspis and others, the number of species so far obtained 



