HISTORY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING IN NEW SOUTU WALES. 597 



Bingera, two spans, one hundred and twenty-seven feet three 

 inches, four spans one hundred and twenty-six feet ten inches ; 

 designed in 1882. Bingera Creek Bridge, Bingera, two spans, 

 ninety feet six inches; designed in 1881. Taemas Bridge, over 

 Murrumbidgee River ; designed in 1884. The main bridge con- 

 sists of two wrought-iron lattice girders four Imndred and sixty- 

 four feet long and ten inches deep, forming three spans of one 

 hundred and forty feet, one hundred and eighty -two feet, and one 

 hundred and forty feet I'espectively, bearing on two abutments 

 and two cylinder piers. The main girders consist of horizontal 

 phites and T-irons in booms, the webs being formed of flat wrought- 

 iron tie bars and ladder-braced channel-struts, with plate webs and 

 angle-iron framing over piers and abutments. Wind bracing, 

 formed of T-irons and flat plates, is conneeted to the bottom booms. 

 The deck consists of timber bearing upon wrought-iron cross 

 girders and timber longitudinals. The main girders are fixed 

 over one abutment, bearing over the piers and remaining abutment 

 upon M'Donald's expansion rollers. The piers are formed of 

 cast-iron cylinders, six feet diameter in bottom lengths, connected to 

 wrought-iron top lengths, five feet diameter, with cast-iron conical 

 cylinders, and braced with wrought-iron diaphragm bracing. 

 The abutments are ashlar masonry, built of limestone, backed 

 with hand-packed rubble. The bridge was opened for trafiic on 

 the 14th April, 1888. At the otiicial testing of this bridge the 

 following results were recorded by automatic testing apparatus : — 

 With end span loaded with fifty tons, maximum deflection of end 

 span, 0'5 inches ; maximum upward deflection of centre span, 

 0'12 inches; permanent set, 004 inches. With centre span 

 loaded with seventy tons, maximum of deflection of centre span, 

 0'79 inches; maximum upward deflection of end spans, 021 

 inches ; permanent set, 0"05 inches. The vibration, considering 

 the length of spans and lightness of construction, was incon- 

 siderable. 



The Snowy River Bridge, at Buckley's Crossing, designed in 

 1884, is similar to the above ; but the central span of one hundred 

 and eighty-two feet is omitted. The Barwon Bridge, at Bre- 

 warrina consists of one steel lift span, fifty-five feet between 

 centres of cylinders, and seven timber approach spans. The main 

 girders are fifty-one feet one and a-quarter inches long, four feet 

 six inches deep and sixteen feet between centres, composed of 

 horizontal steel plates and angle-iron bars, with bracing formed 

 of steel channel-struts, and flat steel Vjars. The deck, formed of 

 timber, rests on steel frames fitted between steel cross girders. A 

 wrought-iron chain attached to each end of top boom and main 

 girders, passes over a bevel chain wheel at top of each tower, and 

 is attached to a cast-iron balance box weighted with lead. 

 Another chain connected to bottom of balance weight passes over 

 chain wheel and machinery shaft, and connects to bottom of main 



