MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 29 



The precipitous character of this coast had by this time probably become 

 a well-known landmark to mariners, for Herrman has placed the ex- 

 pression " The Cliffs " opposite the famous Calvert Cliffs to indicate 

 their presence. The Patuxent Kiver is mapped more accurately than in 

 any of the previous maps, not excepting the Smith map, and is far 

 superior to the cartographic work on either tlie Farrer or the Lord Balti- 

 more maps. 



The next general map of the Chesapeake shore to appear was published 

 by Walter Hoxton in 1T35. Hoxton was a captain in the Merchant 

 Marine service between London and Virginia. In regard to his own map, 

 he says : 



" In this Draught all the Principal Points, and all the Shoals and 

 Soundings are Exactly Laid Down, but as I have not had Opportunity to 

 Survey all of ye Bays, Elvers and Creeks, I have distinguisht what is my 

 own doing by a Shading within the Line, from the outer part of the 

 Coast which to make this Map as complete as at present I am able, have 

 borrow'd from the Old Map, & are Traced by a Single Line without 

 Shading. IST. B. The Depths of Water are set down in Fathoms as 

 farr up as Spes Utie Island, but above that in Feet." The particular 

 point which is of interest in regard to this chart is the mapping of the 

 shore line from Point Lookout northward to North East in Cecil County, 

 and the indication of various depths of water in the Bay by means of 

 figures placed over the spot where they occur, after the manner still em- 

 ployed by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. 



In 1776, at about the time of the outbreak of the Eevolutionary War, 

 Anthony Smith published a chart of Chesapeake Bay on a scale of 3^ 

 miles to the inch. This chart was intended for a guide to navigators, 

 and such information as shoals, channels, islands, and the various depths 

 of water were represented. 



After the close of the war, in 1794, Dennis Griffith assembled all 

 available information and published a map of the entire State which was 

 not excelled until Alexander began the publication of his maps in the 

 fourth decade of the last century. In this map, the shape of Calvert 

 County was quite accurately portrayed and the configuration of the Bay 



