﻿Geological 
  Society. 
  14o 
  

  

  age. 
  This 
  extends 
  across 
  Egypt 
  from 
  Sinai 
  to 
  Baliaria 
  Oasis. 
  

   (b) 
  A 
  Wadi-Qena 
  type, 
  developed 
  near 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  

   that 
  name, 
  characterized 
  by 
  the 
  alternation 
  of 
  Nubian 
  

   Sandstone 
  with 
  fos.siliferous 
  Cretaceous 
  beds. 
  Three 
  

   main 
  divisions 
  of 
  Nubian 
  Sandstone 
  are 
  recognized, 
  — 
  one 
  at 
  the 
  

   base 
  of 
  the 
  Campanian 
  (in 
  the 
  Upper 
  Chalk), 
  another 
  above 
  the 
  

   Tnronian 
  (Middle 
  Chalk), 
  and 
  a 
  third 
  below 
  the 
  Cenomanian 
  beds, 
  

   bnt 
  closely 
  related 
  and 
  passing 
  into 
  them. 
  The 
  recognition 
  of 
  the 
  

   type 
  was 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  interesting 
  results 
  of 
  this 
  year's 
  

   expedition 
  in 
  the 
  Eastern 
  Desert. 
  (e) 
  A 
  Central 
  Egyptian 
  or 
  

   Hammama 
  type, 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  Nubian 
  Sandstone 
  forms 
  the 
  

   greater 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  Cretaceous 
  Series, 
  only 
  the 
  Danian 
  

   and 
  Campanian 
  beds 
  being 
  fossiliferous 
  limestones 
  or 
  shales. 
  This 
  

   section 
  is 
  divisible 
  into 
  an 
  Eastern 
  facies, 
  in 
  which 
  Pecten 
  Marls 
  

   are 
  a 
  special 
  feature 
  ; 
  and 
  an 
  Oasis 
  facies, 
  characterized 
  by 
  a 
  fauna 
  

   of 
  small 
  gasteropoda, 
  etc. 
  in 
  the 
  shales, 
  and 
  species 
  of 
  Echinocorys, 
  

   crinoids, 
  and 
  Terebratulina 
  gracilis, 
  etc., 
  in 
  a 
  white 
  chalk, 
  indicating 
  

   a 
  close 
  affinity 
  to 
  tlie 
  White 
  Chalk 
  of 
  Northern 
  Europe. 
  These 
  

   two 
  divisions 
  have 
  been 
  linked 
  together 
  by 
  the 
  discovery 
  of 
  the 
  

   shales 
  with 
  the 
  typical 
  Oasis 
  and 
  small 
  gasteropod, 
  etc. 
  fauna 
  in 
  

   the 
  same 
  series 
  as 
  the 
  Pecten 
  Marls, 
  and 
  overlying 
  them. 
  The 
  

   Campanian 
  beds 
  are 
  characterized 
  by 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  

   phosphatic 
  fish 
  -beds, 
  (d) 
  A 
  South 
  Egyptian 
  type 
  has 
  close 
  

   resemblances 
  to 
  the 
  Central 
  Egyptian; 
  but 
  in 
  the 
  Campanian 
  

   the 
  phosphatic 
  beds 
  are 
  inconspicuous, 
  and 
  a 
  fauna 
  of 
  

   sea-urchins 
  was 
  discovered 
  consisting 
  mainly 
  of 
  new 
  species. 
  

  

  The 
  results 
  of 
  the 
  Eastern 
  Desert 
  expedition 
  of 
  1910 
  in 
  Wadi 
  

   Qena 
  bear 
  the 
  strongest 
  testimony 
  to 
  the 
  Cretaceous 
  age 
  of 
  the 
  

   Nubian 
  Sandstone. 
  

  

  B 
  (2). 
  — 
  As 
  regards 
  the 
  transition 
  from 
  the 
  Cretaceous 
  to 
  the 
  

   Eocene, 
  the 
  following 
  points 
  are 
  noted: 
  — 
  The 
  existence 
  of 
  two 
  types 
  

   of 
  strata 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  Eocene 
  : 
  the 
  first, 
  the 
  Luxor 
  typo, 
  

   being 
  fossiliferous, 
  mainly 
  characterized 
  by 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  Oper- 
  

   culina 
  libyca, 
  etc., 
  and 
  largely 
  developed 
  in 
  the 
  Western 
  Desert 
  ; 
  

   the 
  second, 
  or 
  Qena 
  type, 
  being 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  hand 
  entirely 
  un- 
  

   fosf-iliferous, 
  and 
  composed 
  of 
  white 
  limestones 
  lifhologically 
  similar 
  

   to 
  the 
  Danian 
  white 
  limestone 
  below 
  them, 
  but 
  structurally 
  different. 
  

   These 
  beds, 
  directly 
  underlying 
  fossiliferous 
  Eocsne 
  strata, 
  are 
  honey- 
  

   combed, 
  closely-jointed, 
  and 
  especially 
  subject 
  to 
  erosion 
  by 
  water, 
  

   the 
  regularly-bedded 
  Cretaceous 
  strata 
  differing 
  in 
  these 
  respects. 
  

  

  (3) 
  A 
  suggestion 
  is 
  made 
  that 
  these 
  variations 
  may 
  be 
  due 
  to 
  

   fold-effects 
  produced 
  while 
  the 
  land 
  was 
  gaining 
  on 
  the 
  sea 
  at 
  the 
  

   beginning 
  of 
  Eocene 
  times, 
  the 
  Qena 
  limestones 
  being 
  remade 
  

   Cretaceous 
  material. 
  

  

  (4) 
  Whereas 
  in 
  Southern 
  Egypt 
  Lower 
  Eocene 
  strata 
  directly 
  

   overlie 
  the 
  Danian 
  strata, 
  in 
  Northern 
  Egypt 
  very 
  marked 
  uncon- 
  

   formities 
  exist 
  between 
  the 
  Middle 
  Eocene 
  and 
  the 
  Cretaceous 
  beds. 
  

  

  (5) 
  The 
  main 
  palreontological 
  differences 
  between 
  the 
  Cretaceous 
  

   and 
  the 
  Eocene 
  are 
  recorded, 
  the 
  principal 
  feature 
  being 
  the 
  sudden 
  

  

  