﻿324 
  Mr. 
  0. 
  T. 
  Regan 
  on 
  the 
  Osteology 
  and 
  

  

  29 
  in 
  Panch'ix, 
  32 
  or 
  33 
  in 
  Fundulus, 
  34 
  in 
  Rivulus, 
  41 
  in 
  

   Lamprichthys) 
  . 
  

  

  The 
  South-American 
  genera 
  of 
  this 
  subfamily 
  are 
  Rivulus 
  

   and 
  Cynolebias. 
  The 
  North-American 
  species 
  are 
  numerous 
  ; 
  

   many 
  are 
  marine, 
  and 
  most 
  of 
  them 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  congeneric 
  

   with 
  Fundulus 
  heteroclitus 
  ; 
  Lucania 
  and 
  probably 
  Empe- 
  

   trichthys 
  are 
  related 
  genera. 
  With 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  the 
  

   problematical 
  Fundulichthys 
  virescenSj 
  the 
  Asiatic 
  species 
  fall 
  

   into 
  two 
  groups 
  ; 
  in 
  both 
  the 
  short 
  dorsal 
  fin 
  is 
  placed 
  above 
  

   the 
  posterior 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  rather 
  long 
  anal, 
  but 
  they 
  differ 
  

   widely 
  in 
  other 
  respects. 
  In 
  the 
  one 
  the 
  piaemaxillaries 
  are 
  

   flatfish 
  and 
  somewhat 
  produced, 
  protractile, 
  the 
  cleft 
  of 
  the 
  

   mouth 
  is 
  rather 
  wide, 
  hoiiz 
  >ntal, 
  almost 
  semicircular, 
  the 
  

   leeth 
  are 
  in 
  bands, 
  with 
  an 
  outer 
  and 
  a 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  distinct 
  

   inner 
  series 
  of 
  enlarged 
  teeth, 
  vomerine 
  teeth 
  and 
  pseudo- 
  

   branchiie 
  are 
  present, 
  the 
  gill-membranes 
  are 
  not 
  united, 
  and 
  

   the 
  pectoral 
  fins 
  are 
  placed 
  low. 
  In 
  the 
  other 
  the 
  mouth 
  is 
  

   small, 
  transverse, 
  not 
  protractile, 
  with 
  the 
  teeth 
  in 
  a 
  single 
  

   series, 
  sometimes 
  followed 
  by 
  a 
  second 
  series 
  of 
  minute 
  

   teeth; 
  there 
  are 
  no 
  vomerine 
  teeth 
  or 
  pseudobranchiaj, 
  the 
  

   gill-membranes 
  are 
  broadly 
  united, 
  and 
  the 
  pectoral 
  fins 
  arc 
  

   placed 
  high. 
  McClelland, 
  in 
  1839, 
  included 
  one 
  species 
  of 
  

   each 
  group 
  in 
  his 
  genus 
  Aplocheilus 
  (Haplochilus). 
  Valen- 
  

   ciennes, 
  in 
  1846, 
  gave 
  the 
  name 
  Panchax 
  to 
  the 
  first 
  of 
  these 
  

   groups, 
  and 
  Bleeker 
  afterwards 
  definitely 
  restricted 
  Haplo- 
  

   chilus 
  to 
  the 
  second. 
  Oryzias, 
  J 
  or 
  d. 
  & 
  Snyder, 
  is 
  a 
  synonym 
  

   of 
  Haplochilus. 
  

  

  Most 
  of 
  the 
  African 
  fishes 
  which 
  have 
  been 
  referred 
  to 
  llap- 
  

   lochilus 
  belong 
  to 
  one 
  or 
  the 
  other 
  of 
  two 
  rather 
  distinct 
  types 
  ; 
  

   a 
  number 
  of 
  species 
  may 
  be 
  placed 
  in 
  Panchax, 
  since 
  they 
  

   differ 
  from 
  the 
  Asiatic 
  species 
  of 
  that 
  genus 
  only 
  in 
  the 
  less 
  

   produced 
  prsemaxillaries 
  ; 
  H. 
  playfairii, 
  sexfasci'atuSjfasciatus, 
  

   senegalensis, 
  ckaperi, 
  &c. 
  are 
  species 
  of 
  Panchax. 
  Several 
  

   species 
  which 
  have 
  been 
  placed 
  in 
  Haplochilus 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  

   congeneric 
  with 
  Haphchihchthys 
  spilauchen 
  ; 
  in 
  these 
  pseudo- 
  

   branchiaj 
  and 
  vomerine 
  teeth 
  are 
  always 
  absent, 
  but 
  they 
  are 
  

   not 
  invariably 
  present 
  in 
  Panchax. 
  Haplochilichthys 
  resembles 
  

   Haplochilus 
  and 
  differs 
  from 
  Panchax 
  in 
  the 
  high 
  position 
  of 
  

   the 
  pectoral 
  fins 
  and 
  the 
  united 
  gill-membranes, 
  but 
  has 
  the 
  

   mouth 
  protractile 
  and 
  the 
  teeth 
  in 
  bands, 
  the 
  outer 
  series 
  

   enlarged 
  ; 
  //. 
  inacrurus, 
  johnstonii, 
  antinorii, 
  myoposce 
  } 
  &c. 
  

   are 
  species 
  of 
  this 
  genus. 
  Procatopus 
  is 
  closely 
  related 
  to 
  

   Haplochilichthys. 
  Most 
  of 
  the 
  African 
  species 
  which 
  have 
  

   been 
  placed 
  in 
  Fundulus 
  appear 
  to 
  belong 
  to 
  the 
  genus 
  JVotho- 
  

   branchius, 
  which 
  differs 
  from 
  Panchax 
  in 
  having 
  the 
  dorsal 
  

   fin 
  as 
  lon<r 
  as 
  the 
  anal. 
  

  

  