﻿On 
  S'x 
  new 
  Fruit-bats. 
  641 
  

  

  LXXV. 
  — 
  Six 
  new 
  Fruit-bats 
  of 
  the 
  Genera 
  Maciroglossus 
  

   and 
  Syconycteris. 
  By 
  Knud 
  Andersen. 
  

  

  I. 
  The 
  Species 
  and 
  Subspecies 
  o/Macroglossus. 
  

  

  All 
  known 
  forms 
  of 
  Macroglossus 
  are 
  referable 
  to 
  two 
  

   species, 
  M. 
  minimus 
  and 
  M. 
  lagochilus. 
  In 
  the 
  former 
  the 
  

   tiares 
  are 
  directed 
  more 
  outward 
  than 
  forward, 
  and 
  the 
  

   median 
  vertical 
  groove 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  lip 
  (the 
  continuation 
  of 
  

   the 
  internarial 
  groove) 
  is 
  obsolescent 
  or 
  absent 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  latter 
  

   the 
  nares 
  are 
  directed 
  half 
  outward, 
  half 
  forward, 
  and 
  the 
  

   median 
  vertical 
  groove 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  lip 
  is 
  sharply 
  defined. 
  

   M. 
  minimus 
  ranges 
  from 
  Java 
  eastward 
  to 
  Timor, 
  west 
  and 
  

   north-westward 
  to 
  Sumatra, 
  the 
  Malay 
  Peninsula, 
  Siam, 
  

   Burma, 
  and 
  Darjeeling. 
  M. 
  lagochilus 
  covers 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  

   Austro-Malaya 
  (thus 
  far 
  no 
  record 
  from 
  the 
  Gilolo 
  group) 
  

   and 
  extends 
  west 
  to 
  the 
  Philippines 
  and 
  Borneo. 
  The 
  

   two 
  species 
  appear 
  nowhere 
  to 
  occur 
  together. 
  

  

  The 
  name 
  M. 
  minimus, 
  as 
  hitherto 
  understood, 
  covers 
  two 
  

   distinct 
  forms. 
  In 
  the 
  one 
  (M. 
  m. 
  minimus) 
  the 
  rostrum 
  is, 
  

   both 
  absolutely 
  and 
  relatively, 
  shorter, 
  being 
  slightly 
  less 
  

   than 
  one-third 
  of 
  the 
  total 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  skull, 
  and 
  all 
  

   measurements 
  (skull, 
  tooth 
  - 
  rows, 
  external 
  dimensions) 
  

   average 
  conspicuously 
  smaller 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  other 
  (M. 
  m. 
  sobrinus, 
  

   subsp. 
  n.) 
  the 
  rostrum 
  is 
  longer, 
  slightly 
  more 
  than 
  one- 
  

   third 
  of 
  the 
  skull, 
  and 
  all 
  measurements 
  average 
  larger. 
  

   The 
  former 
  (minimus) 
  is, 
  so 
  far, 
  known 
  with 
  certainty 
  only 
  

   from 
  Java 
  (including 
  Madura) 
  and 
  Kangean 
  Islands, 
  and 
  is 
  

   probably 
  the 
  truly 
  indigenous 
  Javan 
  race 
  of 
  the 
  species, 
  

   whereas 
  the 
  latter 
  (sobrinus) 
  may 
  be 
  presumed 
  originally 
  to 
  

   have 
  been 
  confined 
  to 
  S.E. 
  Asia, 
  whence 
  (as 
  soon 
  as 
  altered 
  

   physical 
  conditions 
  favoured 
  an 
  extension 
  of 
  its 
  area 
  souths 
  

   eastward) 
  it 
  has 
  spread 
  to 
  Sumatra 
  and 
  Java 
  ; 
  even 
  now 
  the 
  

   predominant 
  form 
  in 
  Java 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  minimus. 
  Since 
  

   sobrinus 
  (if 
  this 
  hypothesis 
  is 
  correct) 
  has 
  spread 
  south- 
  

   eastward 
  to 
  Java, 
  it 
  is 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  unlikely 
  that 
  minimus 
  

   has 
  extended 
  its 
  range 
  westward 
  to 
  Sumatra 
  and, 
  perhaps, 
  

   to 
  the 
  Malay 
  Peninsula, 
  but 
  as 
  yet 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  conclusive 
  

   evidence 
  that 
  such 
  is 
  the 
  case. 
  

  

  A 
  line 
  drawn 
  north-south 
  between 
  the 
  Moluccas 
  and 
  New 
  

   Guinea 
  divides 
  the 
  area 
  inhabited 
  by 
  M. 
  lagochilus 
  into 
  a 
  

   western 
  and 
  eastern 
  half. 
  The 
  islands 
  of 
  the 
  western 
  half 
  — 
  

   viz., 
  Borneo, 
  the 
  Philippines, 
  Sanghir 
  Islands, 
  Celebes, 
  and 
  

   the 
  Amboina 
  group 
  — 
  are 
  occupied 
  by 
  one 
  race 
  (M. 
  I, 
  lago- 
  

   chilus) 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  premolars 
  and 
  molars 
  are 
  not 
  more 
  

   reduced 
  in 
  breadth 
  than 
  in 
  M. 
  minimus 
  ; 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  eastern 
  

  

  